Introduction: Understanding War and Violence | SpringerLink

Chapter 1 Introduction: Understanding War and Violence. Hannah Arendt, On Violence (New York and London: Harcourt Brace and Co., 1970), p. 80. Skiptomaincontent Advertisement SearchSpringerLink Search AbstractPracticesofviolencepermeatetheglobalarena.Theytakeformindiverselocations,fromthecomplexdecision-makingstructuresofgovernmentstothemostclandestineandinformalprocessesassociatedwithnetworkstotheinvisibleprivatelocationoftheindividualplanningadestructiveact.Violenceinlatemodernityhasthiswidespanofoperations,manifestattimesininter-stateconflicts,butmostlyinvolvingpracticesthataretransnationalintheirlocations.Justasthespatialterrainofviolencecanbeglobalinreach,sotoothetemporalelementofpoliticalviolencetranscendstheimmediacyofthebattlefield.Thelatemoderncondition,withitsintensifiedsocialrelations,rendersproximatedistanteventssothatpracticesofviolencearealmostimmediatelybroughtforthintotheglobalspace,renderingwarinlatemodernityimmediatelyaccessibletothejudgementofthisarenainallitsdiversemanifestations,publicandprivate.Theuseofviolenceasaformofpoliticalpracticeissituatedincontestsoverinterests,valuesandresources;however,itsenablingconditionsstemfromdiscursiveandinstitutionalcontinuitiesthataredeep-rootedinsocialrelations.KeywordsInternationalRelationModernStatePoliticalCommunityPoliticalViolenceSovereignStateThesekeywordswereaddedbymachineandnotbytheauthors.Thisprocessisexperimentalandthekeywordsmaybeupdatedasthelearningalgorithmimproves. Thepracticeofviolence,likeallaction,changestheworld,butthemostprobablechangeistoamoreviolentworld. HannahArendt1 Thisisapreviewofsubscriptioncontent,accessviayourinstitution. Buyingoptions eBook EUR 24.99 PriceincludesVAT(Singapore) ISBN:978-0-230-62639-3 InstantPDFdownload Readableonalldevices Ownitforever Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuyeBook SoftcoverBook EUR 69.99 PriceexcludesVAT(Singapore) ISBN:978-0-230-25181-6 Dispatchedin3to5businessdays Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly FreeshippingworldwideShippingrestrictionsmayapply,checktoseeifyouareimpacted. Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuySoftcoverBook HardcoverBook EUR 79.99 PriceexcludesVAT(Singapore) ISBN:978-0-230-00657-7 Dispatchedin3to5businessdays Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly FreeshippingworldwideShippingrestrictionsmayapply,checktoseeifyouareimpacted. Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuyHardcoverBook Learnaboutinstitutionalsubscriptions Preview Unabletodisplaypreview. DownloadpreviewPDF. Unabletodisplaypreview. DownloadpreviewPDF. Chapter1Introduction:UnderstandingWarandViolenceHannahArendt,OnViolence(NewYorkandLondon:HarcourtBraceandCo.,1970),p.80. GoogleScholar  Thejustwartraditionhasalonghistoryinmoralphilosophy,ahistorythatisdeeply-rootedinChristianity,butthathasdistinctarticulationsacrossotherreligiousdoctrines,includingIslamandJudaismaswellasBuddhistandHindutraditions.SeeTerryNardin(ed.)TheEthicsofWarandPeace:ReligiousandSecularPerspectives(Princeton,NJ:PrincetonUniversityPress,1996). GoogleScholar  MichaelWalzer,JustandUnjustWars:AMoralArgumentwithHistoricalIllustrations(NewYork:BasicBooks,1977) GoogleScholar  JeanBethkeElshtain(ed.),JustWarTheory(Oxford:Blackwell,1992). GoogleScholar  Fortheinternationallawtradition,seeE.deVattel,TheLawofNations(NewYork:AMSPress,1987) GoogleScholar  S.vonPufendorf,TheLawofNatureandNations(Oxford:ClarendonPress,1934) GoogleScholar  H.Grotius,TheLawofWarandPeace(NewYork:Bobbs-Merrill,1925). GoogleScholar  AsMichaelHowardpointedout,theassumedinevitabilityofwar’scontinuingpresenceintheinternationalsystemsuggestedthatthesoleoptionavailablewasto“codifyitsrationaleandtociviliseitsmeans.”SeeMichaelHoward,WarandtheLiberalConscience(London:TempleSmith,1978),p.18. GoogleScholar  SeeespeciallyE.H.Carr,TheTwentyYears’Crisis1919–1939(London:Macmillan,1939) GoogleScholar  HedleyBull,TheAnarchicalSociety:AStudyofWorldOrder(London:Macmillan,1977).CrossRef  GoogleScholar  AselaboratedbyKennethWaltz,inhisTheoryofInternationalPolitics(Reading,MA:Addison-Wesley,1979). GoogleScholar  Foradiscussionofthedebatebetweencorrelationandcausation,thelatterconceptualisedinconstitutiveterms,seeDavidDessler,“BeyondCorrelations:TowardsaCausalTheoryofWar”,InternationalStudiesQuarterly,Vol.35(1991),pp.337–55.CrossRef  GoogleScholar  Clausewitz’sOnWarisherethedefiningtext,thoughrecentrationalistapproachestowarrelyvariouslyongametheoryandmicroeconomictheory.SeeCarlvonClausewitz,OnWar,editedandtranslatedbyM.HowardandP.Paret(Princeton,NJ:PrincetonUniversityPress,1976).ForrationalistapproachesinInternationalRelations, GoogleScholar  SeeMichaelNicholson,RationalityandtheAnalysisofConflict(Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1992)CrossRef  GoogleScholar  B.BuenodeMesquita,TheWarTrap(NewHaven,CT:YaleUniversityPress,1981). GoogleScholar  Habermas,KnowledgeandHumanInterests(Boston:BeaconPress,1972),p.308. GoogleScholar  Foranexcellenttextondebateswithinthephilosophyofthesocialsciences,seeMartinHollis’sThePhilosophyofSocialScience:AnIntroduction(Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1994). GoogleScholar  Fortheapplicationofthesedebatesinpoliticsandinternationalrelations,seeMartinHollisandSteveSmith,ExplainingandUnderstandingInternationalRelations(Oxford:ClarendonPress,1990) GoogleScholar  DavidMarshandGerryStoker(eds),TheoryandMethodsinPoliticalScience(LondonandNewYork:PalgraveMacmillan,2002). GoogleScholar  ForthisdebateinInternationalRelations,seeHollisandSmith,ExplainingandUnderstandingInternationalRelations,op.cit.,andAlexanderWendt,“OnConstitutionandCausationinInternationalRelations”,ReviewofInternationalStudies,Vol.24,specialissue(1998),pp.101–17. GoogleScholar  JamesDerDerian,“9/11:Before,AfterandInBetween”,CraigCalhoun,PaulPriceandAshleyTimmer(eds),UnderstandingSeptember11(NewYork:TheNewPress,2002),p.178. GoogleScholar  MichelFoucault,“TruthandPower”,inPower/Knowledge,editedbyColinGordon(NewYorkandLondon:PrenticeHall,1980),p.117. GoogleScholar  SeeMichelFoucault,“WhatisEnlightenment”,inMichelFoucault,Ethics:SubjectivityandTruth,Vol.1ofTheEssentialWorksofFoucault,editedbyPaulRabinow(NewYork:TheNewPress,1997),p.319 GoogleScholar  AndrewLinklater,TheTransformationofPoliticalCommunity(Cambridge:PolityPress,1998). GoogleScholar  MichaelMann,TheSourcesofSocialPower,Vol.II(Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1993).CrossRef  GoogleScholar  Theconceptofa“globalmatrixofwar”usedhereisdrawnfromanearlierinvestigation.SeeVivienneJabri,“War,SecurityandLiberalState”,SecurityDialogue,Vol.37,No.1(2006),pp.47–64.CrossRef  GoogleScholar  HansJoas,WarandModernity(Cambridge:Polity,2003),p.10. GoogleScholar  ElaineScarry,TheBodyinPain:TheMakingandUnmakingoftheWorld(OxfordandNewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,1985),p.63. GoogleScholar  Thereismuchwrittenintherecentpastontheso-called“westernwayofwar”,definedvariouslyas“risk-transferwarfare”and“humanewarfare”.See,respectively,MartinShaw,“Risk-transferwar,themilitarismofsmallofsmallmassacresandthehistoriclegitimacyofwar”,InternationalRelations,Vol.17,No.3(2002),pp.343–60CrossRef  GoogleScholar  ChristopherCoker,HumaneWarfare(LondonandNewYork:Routledge,2001).CrossRef  GoogleScholar  VivienneJabri,DiscoursesonViolence(Manchester:ManchesterUniversityPress,1996),pp.41–50. GoogleScholar  WalterBenjamindrawsonSorel,whoseReflectionsonViolencewasfirstpublishedinItalianin1906,indevelopinghisargumentfortheconstitutiveroleofviolenceinhisCritiqueofViolence,publishedin1921,SeeWalterBenjamin,“CritiqueofViolence”,inSelectedWritings,Vol.1:1913–1926,editedbyMarcusBullockandMichaelW.Jennings(CambridgeMA,andLondon:HarvardUniversityPress,1996). GoogleScholar  M.Weber,EconomyandSociety,Vol.1(Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1978),p.56. GoogleScholar  RobertGilpin,WarandChangeinWorldPolitics(Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1981).CrossRef  GoogleScholar  CharlesTilly,Coercion,Capital,andEuropeanStatesAD990–1990(Oxford:Blackwell,1990). GoogleScholar  AnthonyGiddens,TheNation-StateandViolence(Cambridge:Polity,1985),p.13. GoogleScholar  RobWalker,Inside/Outside:InternationalRelationsasPoliticalTheory(Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1993),p.155. GoogleScholar  AccordingtoHardtandNegri,controversially,thisrelocationofjuridicalpowersuggeststheemergenceof“Empire”.SeeMichaelHardtandAntonioNegri,Empire(Cambridge,MA,andLondon:HarvardUniversityPress,2000). GoogleScholar  JohanGaltung,“Violence,Peace,andPeaceResearch”,JournalofPeaceResearch,Vol.6,No.3(1969),pp.167–91.CrossRef  GoogleScholar  Seeespecially,JudithButler,ExcitableSpeech:APoliticsofthePerformative(LondonandNewYork:Routledge,1997). GoogleScholar  AshighlightedbyButlerinhercritiqueofinstrumentalconceptionsofagencyandtheirapplicationtothefirstGulfWar.SeeJudithButler,“ContingentFoundations”,inSeylaBenhabib,etal,FeministContentions:APhilosophicalExchange(NewYorkandLondon:Routledge,1995),pp.42–5. GoogleScholar  VivienneJabri,“CriticalThoughtandPoliticalAgencyinTimeofWar”,InternationalRelations,Vol.19,No.1(2005),p.70.CrossRef  GoogleScholar  MichelFoucault,TheUseofPleasure,Vol.2ofTheHistoryofSexuality,trans.RobertHurley(London:PenguinBooks,1992),p.6. GoogleScholar  DavidCampbell,PoliticsWithoutPrinciple(BoulderCOandLondon:LynneRiennerPublishers,1993),p.7. GoogleScholar  DavidCampbell,NationalDeconstruction:Violence,IdentityandJusticeinBosnia(MinneapolisandLondon:UniversityofMinnesotaPress,1998). GoogleScholar  VivienneJabri,“ShockandAwe:PowerandtheResistanceofArt”,Millennium:JournalofInternationalStudies,Vol.34,No.3(2006),pp.819–39.CrossRef  GoogleScholar  HowardCaygill,“Violence,CivilityandthePredicamentsofPhilosophy”,inDavidCampbellandMichaelDillon(eds),ThePoliticalSubjectofViolence(Manchester:ManchesterUniversityPress,1993). GoogleScholar  StephenToulmin,Cosmopolis:TheHiddenAgendaofModernity(Chicago,Ill.:TheUniversityofChicagoPress,1990),p.71. GoogleScholar  DavidSlater,GeopoliticsandthePostcolonial:RethinkingNorth-SouthRelations(Oxford:Blackwell,2004),p.10. GoogleScholar  SlaterpointsinparticulartoZizekandCastoriadisinthiscontext.Seeespecially,SlavojZizek,“ALeftistPleafor‘Eurocentrism’”,CriticalInquiry,Summer1998,pp.988–1009. GoogleScholar  SeeEnriqueDussel,TheUndersideofModernity(NewYork:HumanityBooks,1998). GoogleScholar  DownloadreferencesAuthorinformationAuthorsandAffiliationsDepartmentofWarStudies,King’sCollegeLondon,UKVivienneJabriAuthorsVivienneJabriViewauthorpublicationsYoucanalsosearchforthisauthorin PubMed GoogleScholarCopyrightinformation©2007VivienneJabriAboutthischapterCitethischapterJabri,V.(2007).Introduction:UnderstandingWarandViolence. 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