Temperature - The Engineering ToolBox

Temperature Difference - or Temperature Change - degree Celsius versus degree Fahrenheit ... Example: Water is cooled from 100°C to 60°C. What is the temperature ... EngineeringToolBox-Resources,ToolsandBasicInformationforEngineeringandDesignofTechnicalApplications! TemperatureIntroductiontotemperature-includingCelsius,Fahrenheit,KelvinandRankinedefinitions-andanonlinetemperatureconverter.SponsoredLinksTemperature(sometimescalledthermodynamictemperature)isameasureoftheaveragekineticenergyoftheparticlesinasystem.Temperatureisthedegreeof"hotness"(or"coldness")-ameasureoftheheatintensity.Themostcommonsymbolor abbreviationfortemperatureisT.Whentwoobjectsofdifferenttemperaturesareincontact-thewarmerobjectbecomescolderwhilethecolderobjectbecomeswarmer.Thismeansthatheatflowsfromthewarmertothecolderobject.TemperatureConverterConvertbetween °C(Celsius), °F(Fahrenheit),K(Kelvin)and °R(Rankine)withthecalculatorbelow:Temperature °C °FK °RRankineKelvinFahrenheitCelsius°RK°FC00-459.67-273.1510055.56-359.67-217.59180100-279.67-173.15459.67255.370-17.78491.67273.15320559.67310.9310037.78671.67373.15212100MakeaShortcuttothisCalculatoronYourHomeScreen?TemperatureConverter-WebAppAddtheTemperatureConverterWebApptoyourmobiledeviceordesktop.TheAppissavedinyourbrowserandworksofflineautomaticallyafterfirstvisit.DegreeCelsius(°C)andDegreeFahrenheit(°F)Athermometercanhelpusdeterminehowcoldorhotasubstanceis.TemperatureisinmostoftheworldmeasuredandreportedindegreesCelsius(°C).IntheU.S.itiscommontoreporttemperatureindegreesFahrenheit(°F).IntheCelsiusandFahrenheitscalesthetemperatureswhereicemelts(waterfreezes)andwaterboilsareusedasreferencepoints.IntheCelsiusscalethefreezingpointofwaterisdefinedas0 °Candtheboilingpointisdefinedas100 °CIntheFahrenheitscalethewaterfreezesat32 °Fandboilsat212 °FIntheCelsiusscalethereare100degreesbetweenthefreezingpointandtheboilingpointofwatercomparedto180degreesintheFahrenheitscale.Thismeansthat1 °C=1.8 °F(checkthesectionabouttemperaturedifferencesbelow).Valuescanbeconvertedbetweenthetwotemperatureunitsbyusingtheequations:T(°F)=1.8T(°C)+32              (1)T(°C) =(T(°F)-32)/1.8             (2)whereT(°C)=temperature(°C)T(°F)=temperature(°F)Celsiusvs.FahrenheitTemperatureoCoF-20-4-155-1014-523032541105015592068257730863595401044511350122Example:ApatientwithSARS(SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome)hasatemperatureof106 °F.WhatisthetemperatureinCelsius?T(°C)=(106 °F-32)/1.8  =41.1°CTemperatureConversionTable-oCvs °FTemperatureDifference-orTemperatureChange-degreeCelsiusversusdegreeFahrenheitNotethatfortemperaturedifference(change)-asusedinheatlossdiagrams1degreeCelsiusoftemperaturedifferenceequals1.8degreeFahrenheitoftemperaturedifferenceΔT(°C)= ΔT(°F)/1.8              (3)ΔT(°F) = 1.8 ΔT(°C)              (4)whereΔT(°F) =temperaturedifference(°F)ΔT(°C) =temperaturedifference(°C)Example:Wateriscooledfrom100°Cto60°C.Whatisthetemperaturedifferencein°F?TemperaturedifferenceindegreesCelsius:ΔT(°C) =100°C-60 °C=40C°Notethat°Cisusedforactualtemperatures(temperaturerelativeto273.15K)andC°isusedfortemperaturedifferences.TemperaturedifferenceindegreesFahrenheitcalculatedbyusing(1)100°C=1.8(100°C)+32=212°F60°C=1.8(60°C)+32=140°FΔT(°F) = 212°F- 140°F=72°FTemperaturedifferenceindegreesFahrenheitcalculatedbyusing(3)ΔT(°F) =1.8(40C°)=72°FTemperatureDifferenceConverterTemperatureDifferenceC° °FKelvin-KAnotherscale(commoninscience)isKelvin,ortheAbsoluteTemperatureScale.OntheKelvinscalethecoldesttemperaturepossible,-273°C,hasavalueof0Kelvin(0K)andiscalledtheabsolutezero.UnitsontheKelvinscalearecalledKelvins(K)andnodegreesymbolisused.Becausetherearenolowertemperaturesthan0K -theKelvinscaledoesnothavenegativenumbers.TheKelvinhasthesameincrementalscaleastheCelsiusscaleandoneunitKelvinisequalinsizetooneunitCelsius:1unitKelvin =1unit °CΔT(°K)=ΔT(°C)                (5)TocalculateaKelvintemperature,add273totheCelsiustemperature:T(K)=T(°C)+273.15             (6)Example:Whatisthenormalbodytemperatureof37oCintheKelvinscale?T(K) = T(°C)+273.15=37°C+273.15=310.15KDegreeRankine-RIntheEnglishsystemtheabsolutetemperatureisindegreesRankine(R),notinFahrenheit:T(°R)=1.8*T(K)                                (7)T(°R)=1.8*(T(°C)+273.15)T(°R)=T(°F)+459.67           (8)ΔT(°R)=ΔT(°F)                (9)CelciustoFahrenheitConverter(andviceversa)DownloadandprintCelsiustoFahrenheitConverter!SponsoredLinksRelatedTopicsBasics-TheSI-system,unitconverters,physicalconstants,drawingscalesandmore.TemperatureMeasurement-Measurmentoftemperature-probes,sensorsandtransmitters.Thermodynamics-Work,heatandenergysystems.RelatedDocumentsAmmonia-PropertiesatGas-LiquidEquilibriumConditions-Figuresandtablesshowinghowthepropertiesofliquidandgaseousammoniachangesalongtheboiling/condensationcurve(temperatureandpressurebetweentriplepointandcriticalpointconditions).Anammoniaphasediagramareincluded.ArithmeticandLogarithmicMeanTemperatureDifference-ArithmeticMeanTemperatureDifferenceinHeatExchangers-AMTD-andLogarithmicMeanTemperatureDifference-LMTD-formulaswithexamples-OnlineMeanTemperatureCalculator.FixedTemperaturePoints-TemperaturepointsthatcanbeusedasareferenceforcalibrationGlobeTemperature-Theresultantorglobetemperature.HydrocarbonMixtures-AverageBoilingPointsvs.GravityandMolecularWeights-Formulasandexamplesofcalculationofboilingpointofhydrocar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