Cross-Functional Customizing in SAP S/4HANA MM: Account ...

Learn how to configure account determination for an SAP S/4HANA system, ... Define the account grouping code, the movement type, ... Blog Books GetanoverviewofourwideselectionofbooksoneveryrelevantSAPtopic. Programming Admin&EIM BI&BW FICO&BPC Logistics HR CRM&Sales HANA Introductions E-Bites BookSubscription GetunlimitedaccesstoallSAPPRESSbooks! SAPPRESSSubscription Logistics Cross-FunctionalCustomizinginSAPS/4HANAMM:AccountDeterminationConfiguration bySAPPRESS on January01,2021 Varioustransactionsinmaterialsmanagement(MM)arerelevantforaccounting,suchasgoodsreceipts,goodsissues,andinvoicereceipts.   Insuchcases,thesystemalwayscreatesanaccountingdocumentandpoststheamountintheappropriategeneralledgeraccounts.   Generalledgeraccountsareautomaticallydeterminedwiththehelpofautomaticaccountdeterminationsettings.Consider,forexample,amanufacturingenterprisethatstoresstockmaterialspurchasedfromvendors.WheneveramaterialisreceivedinastoragelocationwithreferencetoaPO,thecompanywantsitssystemtoautomaticallydetermineandupdatethestockgeneralledgeraccount.Similarly,wheneveraninvoiceisposted,thesystemshouldautomaticallydeterminethevendorgeneralledgeraccountandposttheliability.   TheSAPS/4HANAsystemprovidesautomaticgeneralledgeraccountpostingviatheautomaticaccountdeterminationprocess.WhenpostingagoodsreceiptagainstaPO,thesystemcreatesanaccountingdocument(alongwiththematerialdocument),andgeneralledgeraccountpostingsaremade.Thesystemdetermineswhichgeneralledgeraccountsshouldbedebitedandcreditedbasedonconfigurationsettingsyou’vemaintainedforautomaticaccountdetermination.   EssentialTerms Beforediscussingtheseconfigurationsettings,let’sdefineafewessentialterms: ValuationClass Avaluationclassisusedtodeterminethegeneralledgeraccountforthematerialsstockaccount.Inautomaticaccountdetermination,valuationclassesmustbecreatedandthenassignedtomaterialtypes.Whilecreatingmaterialmasterrecords,selectingtheappropriatevaluationclassundertheAccounting1tabisrequired.Thevaluationclasslistinthematerialmasterrecordwilldependonthematerialtype.Forexample,inastandardSAPsystem,materialtypeROH(rawmaterial)hasthreevaluationclasses:3000,3001,and3002. TransactionKey Transactionkeysareusedtodetermineaccountsorpostingkeysforlineitemsthatareautomaticallycreatedbythesystem.They’redefinedinthesystemandcan’tbechanged.   Nowthatyouhaveanunderstandingofthekeytermsinautomaticaccountdeterminationandunderstandhowitcanworkinyourbusiness,we’llmoveontodescribetheconfigurationstepsandbusinessprocessesinvolved.   ConfigurationwiththeAutomaticAccountDeterminationWizard Automaticaccountdeterminationcanbeconfiguredeitherwithorwithouttheautomaticaccountdeterminationwizard,atoolprovidedbySAPtohelpyoumanagetheautomaticaccountdeterminationfunctionality.Toconfigureautomaticaccountdeterminationusingthewizard,followtheconfigurationmenupathSAPIMG>MaterialsManagement>ValuationandAccountAssignment>AccountDetermination>AccountDeterminationWizard.   Thewizardwillaskyouanumberofquestionsand,basedonyouranswers,findsthecorrectsettingsandsavestheminthecorrespondingSAPtables.Exceptforafewrestrictions(asdocumentedinthewizard),thewizardwillperformthefollowingsteps: Definesvaluationcontrol Groupsvaluationareas Definesvaluationclasses Definesaccountgroupingformovementtypes Managespurchaseaccounts Configuresautomaticpostings We’llexplainhowtosetupautomaticaccountdeterminationwithoutthewizardbecausethismanualandstep-by-stepapproachtoaccountdeterminationwillhelpyouunderstandhowtoworkwiththewizard.Further,usingaccountdeterminationwithoutthewizardenablesthecreationofmorecomplexconfigurations.Onceyou’vegainedtheconceptsandthefundamentalsbehindaccountdetermination,youcanusetheautomaticaccountdetermination’swizardtooltoquicklysetupaccountdeterminationprocessesinSAPsystems.   ConfigurationwithouttheAutomaticAccountDeterminationWizard We’llnowfollowastep-by-stepapproachtosettingupaccountdeterminationinanSAPsystem.We’llcoverthenecessaryconfigurationstepsinvolved,followedbystepsforassigningtheconfiguredobjectsinthemasterdata.Businessprocessesinvolvingaccountdeterminationandthatusethemasterdataarecoverednext.We’llalsocovertheaccountingentriesthatoccurastheresultofastockposting.   Let’swalkthroughtherequiredstepsnext: DefineaValuationControl Inaccountdetermination,youcangrouptogethervaluationareasbyactivatingthevaluationgroupingcode(alsoknownasthevaluationmodifier),whichmakesconfiguringautomaticpostingsmucheasier.Avaluationgroupingcodecanbemadeactiveorinactivebychoosingtherespectiveradiobutton.   Todefineavaluationcontrol,followtheconfigurationmenupathSAPIMG>MaterialsManagement>ValuationandAccountAssignment>AccountDetermination>AccountDeterminationwithoutWizard>DefineValuationControl.   Bydefault,thevaluationgroupingcodeisactiveinthestandardSAPsystem. AssignValuationGroupingCodestoValuationAreas Thevaluationgroupingcodemakessettingupautomaticaccountdeterminationeasier.Withinthechartofaccounts,assignthesamevaluationgroupingcodestothevaluationareasyouwantassignedtothataccount.Asshowninthefigurebelow,valuationgroupingcode0001hasbeenassignedtovaluationarea1100andcompanycode1100.Ifanothervaluationareaalsousesthesamesetofgeneralledgeraccountsasvaluationarea0001,thenassignvaluationgroupingcode0001tothatvaluationarea.   Toassignvaluationgroupingcodestovaluationareas,followtheconfigurationmenupathSAPIMG>MaterialsManagement>ValuationandAccountAssignment>AccountDetermination>AccountDeterminationwithoutWizard>GroupTogetherValuationAreas.   DefineValuationClasses Inthisstep,you’lldefinethevaluationclassesallowedforeachmaterialtype.Then,you’llassigntheaccountcategoryreferencetothematerialtype.Asshowninthesecondfigurebelow,accountcategoryreferences0001and0002havebeendefined,andforeachaccountcategoryreference,oneormorevaluationclassescanbeassigned.Accountcategoryreference0001hasbeenassignedtomaterialtypeROH,andvaluationclasses3000,3001,and3002havebeenassignedtoaccountcategoryreference0001.Consequently,valuationclasses3000,3001,and3002havebeenassignedtomaterialtypeROH.WhilecreatingthematerialmasterrecordformaterialtypeROH,selectanyofthesevaluationclasses.Similarly,formaterialtypeHALB,selectvaluationclasses7900or7901.   Inthissection,throughanexample,we’llcreatethenewvaluationclass3004andcoveralltheassociatedconfigurationsettingsrequiredtoensureaworkingend-to-endbusinessprocess.   Todefinewhichvaluationclassesareallowedforamaterialtype,useTransactionOMSKorfollowtheconfigurationmenupathSAPIMG>MaterialsManagement>ValuationandAccountAssignment>AccountDetermination>AccountDeterminationwithoutWizard>DefineValuationClasses.Onthescreenthatappears,you’llseethreeoptions:AccountCategoryReference,ValuationClass,andMaterialType/AccountCategoryReference.Followthesesteps: ClickonAccountCategoryReferenceand,ifneeded,createanaccountcategoryreference,asshownhere: ClickonValuationClass,shownbelow,andthenclickontheNewEntriesCreateanewvaluationclass(ValCl)3004(withDescriptionRawMaterials-Steel)andassignthevaluationclasstoaccountcategoryreference(ARef)0001.2 ClickonAccountCategoryReferenceandmaintainamappingbetweenthematerialtypesandaccountreferences.Formaterialtype(MType)ROH,assigntheaccountreference(ARef)0001,asshownhere: DefineanAccountGroupingforMovementTypes Now,assignanaccountgroupingtomovementtypes.Theaccountgroupingisafinersubdivisionofthetransaction/eventkeysforaccountdetermination.Forexample,duringagoodsmovement,theoffsettingentryfortheinventoryposting(TransactionGBB)canbemadetodifferentaccounts,dependingonthemovementtype.Theaccountgroupingisprovidedforthefollowingtransactions: TransactionGBB(OffsettingEntryforInventoryPosting) TransactionPRD(PriceDifferences) TransactionKON(ConsignmentLiabilities) TheaccountgroupinginthestandardsystemisonlyactiveforTransactionGBB.Todefineaccountgroupingsformovementtypes,followtheconfigurationmenupathSAPIMG>MaterialsManagement>ValuationandAccountAssignment>AccountDetermination>AccountDeterminationwithoutWizard>DefineAccountGroupingforMovementTypes.Definetheaccountgroupingcode,themovementtype,andthetransaction/eventkeycombination,asshowninthenextfigure.     Note:Valuestringsgrouptogetherthevarioustransactionsusedinaccountdetermination.Forexample,thevaluestringWE01canbeseenbyfollowingtheconfigurationmenupathSAPIMG>MaterialsManagement>ValuationandAccountAssignment>AccountDetermination>AccountDeterminationWithoutWizard>DefineAccountGroupingforMovementTypes.Onthisscreen,ifyoudouble-clickonanyentriesthatcontainWE01,alistoftransactionsalongwiththeirdescriptionswillappear.Thetransactionsthatappearinthevaluestringarehardcodedinthesystem,soyoushouldnevertrytochangethem. ConfigureAutomaticPostings Inthisstep,enterthesystemsettingsforinventorymanagementandinvoiceverificationtransactionsthatresultinautomaticpostingtogeneralledgeraccounts.Atransaction/eventkeyisakeytodifferentiateaccountdeterminationbybusinesstransaction.Forexample,wemustdifferentiategeneralledgeraccountpostedbygoodsreceipttransactionandpostedbyinvoicereceipttransaction.   Youdon’tneedtodefinethesetransactionkeys;theyaredeterminedautomaticallyfromthetransactionofthemovementtype(inventorymanagement)orfromthetransactionofinvoiceverification.Allyouneedtodoisassigntherelevantgeneralledgeraccounttoeachpostingtransaction.   Toassigngeneralledgeraccountstotransaction/eventkeys,useTransactionOMWBorfollowthemenupathSAPIMG>MaterialsManagement>ValuationandAccountAssignment>AccountDetermination>AccountDeterminationwithoutWizard>ConfigureAutomaticPosting.ClickonCancel,asshownbelow. 21   Toassignageneralledgeraccount,onthescreenshownabove,clickonAccountAssignment(notshown).Alistoftransactionkeyswillappear;doubleclickonthekeyforwhichsettingthegeneralledgeraccountsisrequired.Next,definethevaluationgroupingcode(alsoknownasthevaluationmodifier),valuationclass,andgeneralledgeraccount,asshownbelow.Then,checkthesettingsfunctionbyusingthesimulationfunction.     UseTransactionBSXforinventorypostingandforassigninggeneralledgers.Inthepopupwindowthatappears,entertheChartofAccounts1100,andthescreenshownbelowwillappear.     ThisfigureshowstheTransactionBSXscreenforpostinginventory.ClickNewEntriesandenterthenewlycreatedValuationClass3004andassigntheAccount11020101.   GobacktothescreenshownwhenutilizingTransactionOMWB,andthistime,useTransactionWRX(forthegoodsreceipt/invoicereceipt[GR/IR]clearingaccount)andmaintainthegeneralledgeraccountofthenewlycreatedValuationclass3004.Similarly,repeatthesamestepsforTransactionPRD(forpricedifferenceaccount).   Let’snowlookatthebusinessprocessesandtheassociatedmasterdatasetupandtransactions,notonlytocheckthatthenewlycreatedvaluationclass3004workscorrectly,butalsothattheassociatedgeneralledgeraccountsarecorrect.   MasterDataSetup AccessthescreenshownbelowviaTransactionMM01.UndertheAccounting1tabofthematerialmaster157,assignthenewlycreatedValuationClass3004.     Now,let’sdiscusstheaccountdeterminationforthegeneralledgerasitrelatestogoodsreceiptandgoodsissuepostings.Postagoodreceiptofthematerial157withreferencetoaPOviaTransactionMIGO.Then,displaythegoodsreceiptdocumentandgototheDoc.infotab.ClickontheFIDocumentsbutton,whichwilldisplayalistoffinancialdocumentscreatedforthegoodsreceiptdocument.SelectAccountingdocumenttoseethedetailsofthataccountingdocument.   Asshownbelow,you’llseethegeneralledgeraccountpostings,whicharedeterminedbasedontheautomaticaccountdeterminationconfiguration.Generalledgeraccount11020201(inventoryrawmaterialstockaccount)isdebited,andGR/IRaccount22010202iscredited.     Conclusion Inthisblogpost,wecoveredtheaccountdeterminationprocessthatisusefultothoserunningmaterialsmanagementwithSAP.   Editor’snote:ThisposthasbeenadaptedfromasectionofthebookMaterialsManagementwithSAPS/4HANA:BusinessProcessesandConfigurationbyJawadAkhtarandMartinMurray. Recommendation MaterialsManagementwithSAPS/4HANA:BusinessProcessesandConfiguration GetMMonSAPS/4HANA!Setupthemasterdatayoursystemneedstorunitsmaterialmanagementprocesses.Learnhowtodefinematerialtypes,MRPprocedures,businesspartners,andmore.Configureyouressentialprocesses,frompurchasingandMRPrunstoinventorymanagementandgoodsissueandreceipt.DiscoverhowtogetmoreoutofSAPS/4HANAbyusingbatchmanagement,specialprocurementtypes,theEarlyWarningSystem,andotherbuilt-intools. LearnMore bySAPPRESS SAPPRESSistheworld'sleadingSAPpublisher,withbooksonABAP,SAPS/4HANA,SAPCX,intelligenttechnologies,SAPBusinessTechnologyPlatform,andmore! Logistics Comments LatestBlogs Logistics SalesContractManagementwithSAPS/4HANALogistics ReadMore Logistics 3StepstoPre-PlanningRepetitiveManufacturingandMRPwithSAPS/4HANA ReadMore Subscribetoourblog!Getnotifiedaboutfutureblogupdates. 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