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What Is Rote Learning And Why Is It Controversial?

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Rote learning is a learning process based-on repetition. Examples of rote learning are memorizing basic concepts like numbers, the alphabet, ... Skiptocontent Doteachersstilluserotelearningtoday,orisitanobsoleteandnolongeraneffectivelearningmethod? Rotelearningisalearningprocessbased-onrepetition.Examplesofrotelearningarememorizingbasicconceptslikenumbers,thealphabet,ormultiplicationtables.Highschoolstudentsneedtohavelearnedtheperiodictable,andcopywritingstudentslearnsuccessfulcopywritingtechniquesthroughrepetition.Understandingorfactsisnotarequirementforrotelearning.Thestudentscanlearnandrepeatverbatimmaterialmemorizedwithoutunderstanding,criticalthinking,oranalyzingwhattheyhavelearned. HowDoesRoteLearningFitIntoAnEducationToday? What’sTheDifferenceBetweenMemoryAndIntelligence? Intelligenceisoftenassociatedwithastudent’smentalabilitytomemorizematerial.However,memorizationisaffectedbyphysiologicalandenvironmentalfactorslikedistractions,stress,orlackofsleep. Rotelearningstorestheinformationinthestudent’sshort-termmemory.Ifthestudentdoesnotpracticereinforcingtheconceptsorrecallthematerialregularly,theymaysoonforgetit.Forexample,aftertheholidays,teachersmayfindthatstudentshavedifficultyrememberingthelastterm’smaterial.Toomuchtimelapsedforthestudentstorecallwhatwasstoredintheirshort-termmemory. Anotherexampleisstudentscrammingforatest,wantingtoquicklyrotememorizematerialtheyneglectedtolearnandpracticeduringthesemester.Theymayrecallthematerialforthetestbutforgetitsoonafterthatbecauseitwasnevercementedintotheirlong-termmemory. Memory,therefore,affectsaperson’sabilitytoretrieveinformationandapplyittoproblem-solvingmethods.Thisabilitytoacquireandapplytheknowledgeandskillsaredefinedasintelligence. When’sTheRightTimeToUseRoteMemorization? Althoughonewouldthinkcriticalthinkingshouldbeemphasized,rotememorizationstillhasaroletoplay.Beforestudentscanapplytheircriticalthinkingskills,theyneedmaterialtothinkabout.However,knowledgewithoutunderstandingcouldalsobemeaningless.Itisachickenandeggscenario. Knowledgetakestimetoacquire,andthebrainrequiresactivelearningtoretainmaterialinastudent’sshort-termmemory.Ittakesmoreefforttogetitintothebrain’slong-termmemory.Rotememorizationpracticeplaysavitalroleinkeepingthemateriallongenoughintheshort-termmemorythatitbecomeslong-termmemoryknowledge.Whenstoredinlong-termmemory,thestudentmayremembertheconceptsandrecallthemforcriticalthinkingandproblem-solving. Therefore,rotelearningcomplementsunderstanding.Rotelearningandmemorizingdonotreplacehigher-levelthinkingbutisadifferenteducationmethodthatisalsonecessary.Learningrotehelpsstudentsfilefacts;thebrainisabletorememberlater.Byquicklyaccessingtheknowledge,thebrainisfreetoapplyandlevelupthestudent’slearningexperience. Rotelearningisaneasywaytolearncertainthingsandsometimestheonlymethod.Forexample,achildwholearnedtodiscernbetweenleftandrightautomaticallyalsounderstandswhentousethelettersbanddwhenreadingorwritingwithoutbecomingconfused. Meaningfullearningfocusesonthelearningprocessoutcomes,relatesnewinformationtopriorknowledge,andencouragesunderstandingandactivelearningtechniques.However,memorizationandrotelearningincludelearningthealphabetandbasicarithmeticlevel—adding,subtracting,multiplying,anddivision—whichrequiresrotelearning.Masteringthesubjectbasicshelpsthestudentautomaticallyrememberandusepreviousknowledgefornewandmorecomplextasks. WhyCanRoteLearningBeHarmful? CanMakePeopleIntoPassiveLearners.Learningroteteachesstudentstofollowtheteacher’sinstructions;theydonothavetothinkforthemselvesortryandfigureitout.Itdoesnotexposeastudenttousingquestioningandthinkingtechniques;itmaycreatealearner’spassivity,aninabilitytothinkandsearchforasolutionindependently. HardToLookAtDivergentOpinions.Rotelearningteachesastudent’sbrain;thereisoneanswertothesolution;itdoesnottrainthemindtoexploreandsolveproblemsthroughdifferentmethods.Rotelearningmayinhibitstudents’abilitytosearchfordifferentoptionsthantheobviousanswertheymemorized. BestForShortTermLearning.Rotelearningisoftenusedforaspecificpurposewheretheindividualwantstoremembersomethingintheshortterm,likeaphonenumberoraddress.Aftertheyhaveappliedtheknowledge,itbecomesobsolete,andtheyforgetit.Ifastudenthasthatoutlookwithrotelearningexercises,theymaysoonforgetwhattheymemorized.Ittakesrepetition,dedication,andusagetostoretheknowledgeinlong-termmemory. Doesn’tPrioritizeUnderstandingOverRepeating.Whenastudentusesrotelearningforaquickoutcome,likecrammingforatest,theylearnthelessonwithoutunderstandingit.Forashortwhile,theycanrepeatwhattheyhavelearnedbutcannotapplyitinsolvingaproblemorinadifferentscenariothanthewaytheylearnedit. RoteLearningHasItsPlace AccordingtoBloom’sTaxonomyrememberingisthelowestorderandevaluatingandcreatinglevelsthehighestorderofthinking.Rotelearningisaneffectivewaytohelpstudentslearnandrememberknowledge,facts,data,andinformationlikelearningthemultiplicationtables.Withcontinuousrepetition,itbecomespartofthestudent’slong-termmemory. Practicalknowledgeacquiredthroughrotelearningandothermethodsteachersteachstudentsnowbecomesavailabletothebrain.Thebrainusesthedatatoevaluatebysettingstandardsandjudgingaccordinglyorgenerating,planning,orproducingnewpatternsorstructuresbycombiningknowledgelearned. RethaGroenewald RethaGroenewaldisaprofessionalwriterworkingforFractusLearning.WhennotworkingwithFractus,sheiswebcopywriterfortheChristianmarket.HerwritingisfeaturedatChristianWebCopywriterandatWritingThatBreathesLife. 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