whether...A or B vs. whether A, or whether B - English Stack ...

The word whether in an utterance requires a choice of two possibilities, whether stated or implied. When the whether is followed by a verb phrase, the "or" must ... EnglishLanguage&UsageStackExchangeisaquestionandanswersiteforlinguists,etymologists,andseriousEnglishlanguageenthusiasts.Itonlytakesaminutetosignup. Signuptojointhiscommunity Anybodycanaskaquestion Anybodycananswer Thebestanswersarevotedupandrisetothetop Home Public Questions Tags Users Unanswered Teams StackOverflowforTeams –Collaborateandshareknowledgewithaprivategroup. CreateafreeTeam WhatisTeams? Teams CreatefreeTeam Teams Q&Aforwork Connectandshareknowledgewithinasinglelocationthatisstructuredandeasytosearch. Learnmore whether...AorBvs.whetherA,orwhetherB AskQuestion Asked 2years,6monthsago Active 2years,6monthsago Viewed 3ktimes 5 2 (1)*I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit. (2)I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanafforditornot. (3)I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit,orwhetherIhavetotakeoutaloan. Ithink(1)doesn'twork,becauseitdoesn'tcontainanor-coordination,asin(2),whichworksfine. Howabout(3)? Cantheor-coordinationresideoutsidethewhether-clause,asin(3)? EDIT Iwouldn'tuse(3)myself;Iwouldsay(4)instead: (4)I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanafforditor(I)havetotakeoutaloan. (Thisdoesn'tmeanthatIdon'tthink(3)works.AllitmeansisthatI'mnottoofamiliarwithconstructionslike(3),ifitdoeswork.) ButI'veseenconstructionssimilarto(3).SoI'dliketoknowwhetherconstructionslike(3)arewellformed. ResearchI'vedone I'velookedupafewgrammarbooksincludingCGELbyPullum,buttonoavail. EDIT Specifically,I'dliketoknowhowcommonconstructionslike(3)arecomparedtoitscounterpartlike(4),andwhethertheformerisawell-formedalternantofthelattersimplywhenthewhether-clauseistoolongand/orcomplicatedtobewritteninasingleclause. Furtherclarificationandanattestedexample Thequestionisnotaboutthegeneraluseof'whether',butonlyabouttheuseof'whether'inanexhaustiveconditionalconstructionwherethewhether-clauseisfunctioningasanadjunctofthematrixclause. Atthetimeofthiswriting,I'vereceivedtwoanswers,bothofwhichclaimthat(3)doesn'twork.ButI'vejustfoundanexamplesimilarto(3): (5)AndIwanttoassureyouthatthisPresidentisgoingtocontinuetoworkwithmembersofCongress,likeCongressmanAndyHarris,tomakesurethatyouhavetheresourcesandthesupportthatyouneedtoaccomplishyourmission—whetherthatbesavingpeoplefromhumantrafficking,whetheritbesparingfamiliesthescourgeofnarcotics,drugabuse,addiction,andoverdose,orwhetheritbestoppingtheviolenceofMS-13andothergangsthatareflowingintoourcountry. Thisisfrom"RemarksbyVicePresidentPenceinMeetingwithICEBaltimoreFieldOfficeLeadership". Thedifferencebetween(3)and(5)isthat(5)hasamorecomplexconstructionof'whetherA,whetherB,orwhetherC',andthattheverbbein(5)isinthepresentsubjunctiveform. Hopefullyfinaledit Inresponsetotheclaimthatthewhether-clausesin(5)arenotmutuallyexclusive,here'sanotherexamplefrom"RemarksbyVicePresidentPenceinPressGaggle": (5')So,we’ll—allthesestepsaredesignedtodemonstratethisisaPresidentwhoembraceshisroleasleaderofthefreeworld.ButwithregardtoVenezuela—whetheritbeRussiaorwhetheritbeIran—thePresident’smessageisveryclear:RussiaandIranhavenobusinessinVenezuela.TheyshouldstepasideandallowthepeopleofVenezuelatorestoretheirdemocracyandtheirfreedom. I'msure'itbeingRussia'and'itbeingIran'aremutuallyexclusive. whether Share Improvethisquestion Follow editedJun15'20at7:40 CommunityBot 1 askedJun5'19at8:10 JK2JK2 4,67855goldbadges4141silverbadges9494bronzebadges 21 PleasetellmewhyyouthinkthisquestionneedstobeclosedsoIcanimproveit. – JK2 Jun6'19at20:27 Oneisforlackofresearch,soyoumightwanttoshowyoucheckedsomethinglikeausageguideorsomesortoftextbook.ormaybejustaregulardictionaryforinformationregardingthewordwhether,evenifitisfruitless.Theotherisgeneralizedproofreading,andIdonotknowwhatyoucoulddoaboutthat. – Tonepoet Jun8'19at3:51 1 Partofitisbecausethey'drathernothavetocheckandsee,andinpartbecausetheythinkit'stheleastyoucoulddobeforeaskingdozensofotherstohelp.YoucanreadHowMuchResearchIsNeededforthemostrecentconsensus.It'sourmostpopularclosurereason,and60%ofthequestionsgetclosedatsomepoint.Ithinkthereasonmorequestionsaren'tclosedisbecausetherearetoomany,andvotingisdiscretionaryanyway.Personally,Idon'tthinkthisisaneasilyansweredquestion,soyou'vegotnocomplaintfromme. – Tonepoet Jun8'19at4:09 2 @TonepoetI'msurethosewhoclose-votedthisquestiondon'tevenhaveaccesstosomeofthegrammarbooksthatIhaveaccessto.Andthosepeoplearenotheretohelp,butheretofindfault.Ortheydon'tevenknowifthisquestionisnotevencoveredbymostcomprehensivegrammarssuchasCGEL. – JK2 Jun8'19at4:19 1 Fowler'sModernEnglishUsagep696hasanexampleoftherepetitionofwhetherinasentencewherewhethermeansif.Hesays:"Whetherisoftenrepeatedasaclearerpointerthanabareortoanalternativethatformsaseparatesentence."Perhapstherepetitioninyoursentence,wherewhethermeansregardlessofwhether,cansimilarlyberegardedasgivingthesecondclausegreaterprominencethanifitwereconnectedtothefirstclauseby'or'alone. – Shoe Jun11'19at11:56  |  Show16morecomments 3Answers 3 Active Oldest Votes 3 +50 Therepetitionofwhetherininterrogativecontentclauses(wherewhethercouldbereplacedbyif)isunnecessarybutgrammatical.Fowler'sModernEnglishUsage(p696)hasanexample: Icannotrememberwhethertheywereloweredintothestreetor whethertherewasawindowopeningoutattheback. Fowlerstates: "Whetherisoftenrepeatedasaclearerpointerthanabareorto analternativethatformsaseparatesentence." However,inthesentenceI'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit,orwhetherIhavetotakeoutaloanwearedealingwithwhatAComprehensiveGrammarOfTheEnglishLanguage(p1100)callsconcessiveconditionalclauses,notinterrogativecontentclauses.Andthewhethermeansregardlessofwhetherornomatterwhether,notif. ButinitsexplanationandexemplificationofconcessiveconditionalclausestheCaGELexplicitlyrefersbacktoanexamplesimilartoFowler'sinitsdiscussionofinterrogativeclauses: Ican'tfindoutwhethertheflighthasbeendelayedorwhetherit hasbeencanceled. Thisisthepassageinquestion: "Thecorrelativesequencewhether...or(whether)isanalternative conditioninthatlogicallyitcombinestheconditionalmeaningof ifwiththedisjunctivemeaningofeither...or.Itisthusameansofcoordinatingtwosubordinateclauses.Ifthesecondunitisa fullclause,whethermayberepeatedasin[theflightsentence above]: WhetherMartinpaysforthebrokenvaseor(whether)hereplacesit withanewvase,I'mnotinvitinghimagain." So,theCaGELwouldregardtheOP'ssentenceas'well-formed',andfollowingFowlerwecouldsaythattherepetitionofwhetherservestogivetheorclauseslightlygreateremphasisthanitwouldhavewithoutit. AndinthePenceexample,therepetitionofwhetherseparatesandgivesequalprominencetoeachofthethreefairlylongclausesheadedbyit. Share Improvethisanswer Follow answeredJun13'19at14:37 ShoeShoe 31k44goldbadges4848silverbadges105105bronzebadges 6 1 ThanksforunearthingtheexampleinTheComprehensiveGrammar,whichmaybeoutdatedbyCGELbyPulluminitscontentbutstillseemsmore"comprehensive"initscoverage.ThemoreIdothedigging,themoreIrealizeitmaynotbeanuncommonconstruction,albeitpredominantlyusedinspokenEnglishsuchasspeechesandinterviews,soI'mquitesurprisedatthescantattentionit'sreceivedingrammarbooks(andlanguagejournals). – JK2 Jun14'19at0:48 @JK2.Yes,insomerespectsIpreferQuirk'stometoH&P's,butIfinditsindexreallyunpleasanttouse.(Goodquestion,bytheway!) – Shoe Jun14'19at7:08 Thereisnodifferenceinmeaningbetweenin3)asregardsthemeaningwhenyouusethesecond"whether".Sothepresentmastersofthegrammaruniversefailmiserablyhere.Inmostrationaldiscourse,iftherearetwodifferentnamesforathingingrammar,theyarenotthesame!Intheirsample,thesameistrue."WhetherMartinpaysforthebrokenvaseor(whether)hereplacesitwithanewvase."havethesamesemanticcontentwithorwithoutthesecondwhether,themeaningdoesnotchange.Peoplespeakthatway,fine.Sothisisapairoftwistedknickers. – Lambie Jun15'19at14:28 1 WhicheditionofFowlerareyouciting? – Toothrot Jun16'19at16:11 @Toothrot.Thequoteisfromthesecond(1981)editionofFowler'sModernEnglishUsageasrevisedbySirErnestGowersandcompletelyreset. – Shoe Jun17'19at7:10  |  Show1morecomment 2 Forusage,Isuggestyoulookinadictionarythathasexamplesentences,notagrammarbook. IfindthatOxfordgiveslotsofexamples,sothatwillbemystartingpoint. 1Expressingadoubtorchoicebetweenalternatives. ‘heseemedundecidedwhethertogoorstay’ ‘itisstillnotclearwhetherornotherealizes’ 1.1Expressinganenquiryorinvestigation(oftenusedinindirectquestions) ‘I'llseewhethershe'sathome’ 1.2Indicatingthatastatementapplieswhicheverofthealternativesmentionedisthecase. ‘I'mgoingwhetheryoulikeitornot’ ‘Thesamepositionappliesifitisnotknownwhetheradeportationorderhasbeenmadeornot.’ Phrases whetherorno 1Whetherornot. ‘theonlyissuearisingwouldbewhetherornothepublicationwasdefamatory’ 2Inanycase. ‘Godhelpus,whetherorno!’ Nowtothefeedbackonyourfourproposals. (1)I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit.Thisstructuredoesn'tappearinanyoftheexamples,soyouareright,we'regoingtohavetonixthisone.Here'swhatwouldwork: I'mnotsurewhetherIcanaffordit. (2)I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanafforditornot.FromtheOxfordexamples,weseethatthisisfine(see1.2).Notethatitisalsopossible,andperhapsmorecommon,toswaptheorder,whichwouldresultin I'mbuyingitwhetherornotIcanaffordit(see1.1). (3)I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit,orwhetherIhavetotakeoutaloan. Thisonedoesn'tappearinanyoftheOxfordexamples,soIcheckedCambridge.Ithas Ididn’tknowwhetherhewastoobusyor(whether)hejustdidn’twanttoseeme. Butthisexampleisfromtheothermeaningofwhether--"Expressingadoubtorchoicebetweenalternatives(Oxford),""usedespeciallyinreportingquestionsandexpressingdoubts(Cambridge)."Your(3)isthemeaning"Indicatingthatastatementapplieswhicheverofthealternativesmentionedisthecase(Oxford),""usedtointroducetwoormorepossibilities(Cambridge)." So(3)doesn'tworkaswritten. (4)I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanafforditor(I)havetotakeoutaloan.Thisisfineaslongasyoudon'tomittheIintheparentheses. Respondingtoadditionalmaterialinquestion: (5a)(withsomesimplification)ThisPresidentisgoingtomakesurethatyouhaveresourcesyouneedtoaccomplishyourmission—whetherthatbesavingpeoplefromhumantrafficking,whetheritbesparingfamiliesthescourgeofnarcotics,orwhetheritbestoppingtheviolenceofMS-13andothergangsthatareflowingintoourcountry. (5b)Iamabsolutelyconvincedthatsegregationisonitsdeathbed,andthosewhorepresentit,whethertheybeintheUnitedStatesorwhethertheybeinLondon,England,thesystemisonitsdeathbed(MLK). Thesubjunctiveisaredherring.Itdoesn'tchangethings. Theextrawhethersin5aand5baren'tneeded.Ibelievetheyservearhetoricalpurposeandthisisanexampleofpleonasm,definedinMerriam-Websteras theuseofmorewordsthanthosenecessarytodenotemeresense. Pleonasm,whichstemsviaLateLatinfromtheGreekverbpleonazein("tobeexcessive"),isafancywordfor"redundancy."It'srelatedtoourwords"plus"and"plenty,"andultimatelyitgoesbacktotheGreekwordfor"more,"whichis"pleōn."Pleonasmiscommonlyconsideredafaultofstyle,butitcanalsoserveausefulfunction."Extra"wordscansometimesbehelpfultoaspeakerorwriteringettingamessageacross,addingemphasis,orsimplyaddinganappealingsoundandrhythmtoaphrase Share Improvethisanswer Follow editedJun13'19at2:30 answeredJun9'19at4:36 aparente001aparente001 19.4k88goldbadges4848silverbadges8989bronzebadges 19 Withthecaveatthatobviouslythelistedusageexamplesaren'tthebe-all-end-allofEnglishusage,thisisaboutright.Worthmentioningthatthecompoundexample,it'sshortfor'~ornot'.Thatmeanstheoriginalexample3intheoriginalpostdoesn'twork. – lly Jun9'19at5:57 @lly(yourusernameishardtofigureout!)-thanks,I'mgoingtorevisewhatIsaidabout(3).//MyapproachisintendedtowalkOPthroughasimpleprocessanyonecouldfollow,toincreasetheirconfidenceandindependence. – aparente001 Jun9'19at11:48 Ihaven'tsaidthat(3)doesn'twork.SoIdon'tknowwhyyousay"Iagreewithyouthat(3)doesn'tworkaswritten."Moreimportantly,justbecauseyoucan'tfindausageexampleinadictionaryortwo(ormanymoredictionaries)doesn'tmeansuchausagedoesn'twork.Whosaysthatusageexamplesinanydictionaryaresupposedtobecomprehensive?Alsonotethatmyquestionisspecificallyabouttheexhaustiveconditionalconstruction. – JK2 Jun10'19at2:05 @JK2-DidImisunderstand"Iwouldn'tuse(3)myself"?Icancertainlytakeoutthepartaboutagreeingwithyou,ifthewayIwrotethatsentenceisn'taccurate. – aparente001 Jun10'19at2:21 Sorryforthepotentialconfusion.WhatImeantbythatwasjustthat.ButIdon'tthinkthatshouldtranslateinto"Ithink(3)doesn'twork",becausesomepeoplewouldn'tusecertainconstructionseventhoughthey'reperfectlygrammatical.Inanycase,ifIhadthoughtorevenknown(3)didn'twork,whywouldIhavepostedthequestioninthefirstplace? – JK2 Jun10'19at2:26  |  Show14morecomments 0 Question:Cantheor-coordinationresideoutsidethewhether-clause,asin(3)? Answer:In(3)"I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit,orwhetherIhavetotakeoutaloan."theordoesnot"resideoutsidethewhether-clause".Itispartofit. Whatthedictionariesarenottellingus. Samplesentences: *I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit.[NotAcceptable,twochoicesareneitherstatednorimplied.] I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanafforditornot.[Acceptable,"afforditornotaffordit",twochoicesarestated] I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanaffordit,orwhetherIhavetotakeoutaloan.[notacceptable,twowhethersarenotgrammaticalforthesamepossibility.] Correction:I'mbuyingitwhetherIcanafforditorhavetotakeoutaloan. Thewordwhetherinanutterancerequiresachoiceoftwopossibilities,whetherstatedorimplied.Whenthewhetherisfollowedbyaverbphrase,the"or"mustbestatedandnotjustimplied. whetherrequirestwophrases,formedwithaverbphraseornounphrase. ‘Ilikeappleswhetheryoudoornot.’[twoverbs:likeornotlike] ‘Hewillgosoonwhetherbyhookorbycrook.’[twoprepositionalphraseswithnouns] Summary:tousewhether,youneedtwochoicesinyourutteranceoneithersideofthe"or"conjunction.Twowhethersinthesameutterance,therefore,donotwork. MAINPOINT:Sometimes,the"ornot"whichprovidestwochoicesisimpliedandnotstatedoutright. HerearetheexamplesfromtheNewYorkTimesonthis: whether.Oftenornotisredundantafterwhether,butnotalways.The phrasemayordinarilybeomittedinthesecases: •Whenthewhetherclauseistheobjectofaverb:Shewonderswhether theteacherwillattend.(Theclauseistheobjectofwonders.) •Whentheclauseistheobjectofapreposition:Theteacherwill basehisdecisiononwhetherthecarhasbeenrepaired.(Theclauseis theobjectofon.) •Whentheclauseisthesubjectofthesentence:Whetherthecarwill bereadydependsonthemechanic.(Theclauseisthesubjectof depends.) Butwhenawhetherclausemodifiesaverb,ornotisneeded:Theywill playtomorrowwhetherornotitrains.(Theclausemodifiesplay.) whetherornotexplainedbytheNewYorkTimes FinalComment:The"or"ismutuallyexclusivebutisnotalwaysstatedoutright;itisimplied.Thisistruewhetheryoulikeitornot.[verb,statednotimplied]Whetherthisisabsolutelytrue,isamatterformathematicians.[noverb,the"or"isimplied].Whetheryouhaveanenjoyabledayisnotformetosay.:)[Yep,the"or"isimplied.] LaterCOMMENT:"RemarksbyVicePresidentPenceinPressGaggle": Theremarkswereoffthecuff.Theyarespokenonthefly.Theyarenotwrittenlanguage.Therefore,theycannotbeexpectedtofollowrulesforwrittengrammar.Also,peopleliketheveep(atpresent)oftheUSarenotexactlyluminariesatspeakinginclearEnglish.Herepeatsthewordwhetherunnecessarily.Amoreproficient,elegantandtrainedspeakerwouldnot. HerearehiswordsasquotedbytheOP: (5)AndIwanttoassureyouthatthisPresidentisgoingtocontinue toworkwithmembersofCongress,likeCongressmanAndyHarris,to makesurethatyouhavetheresourcesandthesupportthatyouneedto accomplishyourmission—whetherthatbesavingpeoplefromhuman trafficking,whetheritbesparingfamiliesthescourgeofnarcotics, drugabuse,addiction,andoverdose,orwhetheritbestoppingthe violenceofMS-13andothergangsthatareflowingintoourcountry. Andhereishowamoreaccomplishedspeaker(emphasisonspeaker)mighthaveexpressedthis: (5)AndIwanttoassureyouthatthisPresidentisgoingtocontinue toworkwithmembersofCongress,likeCongressmanAndyHarris,to makesurethatyouhavetheresourcesandthesupportyouneedto accomplishyourmission—whetherthatbesavingpeoplefromhuman trafficking,sparingfamiliesthescourgeofnarcotics,drugabuse, addiction,andoverdose,orstoppingtheviolenceofMS-13andother gangsthatareflowingintoourcountry. Whethercanapplytothreeoptions,yes.Butthetermwhetherneednotberepeatedtodoso.Thatisjustoverkill. Share Improvethisanswer Follow editedJun15'19at14:34 answeredJun12'19at12:29 LambieLambie 11.4k11goldbadge2424silverbadges4747bronzebadges 8 TheNewYorkTimesblogissimplylayingoutaverybasicruleofthewhether-clause,andthisruledoesn'teventalkabouttheissueofrepeatingwhether"whenawhetherclausemodifiesaverb"(astheblogputsit).Unlessyou'resuggestingthattheblog'sfailuretocovertheissuesaysanythingabouttheissue,whichIhopeyou'renot,whatreferencedoyouhaveinyouranswerthatsupportsyourclaimthat(3),(5),and(5')are"unacceptable"inwrittenEnglish? – JK2 Jun12'19at16:14 1)isunacceptablebecauseitisnotgrammatical.TheRULEis:whenthewhetherclausemodifiesaverb,youneedthe"orx"."whetheroryoucanaffordit"isashortenedformof=ifyoucanafforditorifyoucan'taffordit.5)and5)'arespokenissues.Speechnotwriting.Thatiswhytheissueisnotevenaddressedinanystandardrules.Thegrammarofspokenlanguageisoftenverydifferentfromthegrammarofwrittenlanguage.Thisisanentiresubjectinitselfbutmostpeoplerealizethatspeechandwritingaredifferentanimals. – Lambie Jun12'19at16:33 Theverynatureofspeakingisdifferentfromwriting.Ithasitsownfeatureslikerepetitions,elision,truncation,distortions,oddpauses,etc.etc.IknowbecauseIamaninterpreter.That'swhatIdo.AninterpreterlisteningtoPencewouldnotrepeatthewhether.Itis,ofcourse,acceptableinspeech.Butnotinwriting.Editorsremoveunnecessaryrepetitionorextraneouselements.Andthat'swhygrammarians(whomostlydealwithwrittenlanguage)don'tbotheraddressingitspecifically. – Lambie Jun12'19at16:38 Firstly,"whetherornotyoucanaffordit"isashortenedformNOTof"ifyoucanafforditorifyoucan'taffordit"BUTof"ifyoucanafforditandifyoucan'taffordit".Secondly,simplybecauseit's"spoken"doesn'tmeanit'ssuspect.It'stobedistinguishedfrommeaninglessrepetitions.Thirdly,linguistsdoheavilyrelyonspokenlanguagedataaswellaswritten,especiallywhenthespokendataiscarefullyprepared(asintheveep's"remarks").It'sverylikelythattheseremarksbyMikePencehadbeencarefullydraftedbeforehand.Andtherepetitionisquitehabitual. – JK2 Jun12'19at22:59 @JK2YouknowwhatImeant.Bigdeal,acoupleofslipsintyping.AndyouareWRONG:whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/…YoursecondquotecomeshiminaQ&A.NOTprepared.Noonebutme,Iwillpointout,evenmentionedthespeakingversuswritingthing.Also,hestartshis"remarks"with"firstoff",whichisoddforcarefuldrafting,tosaytheleast,andthisisatranscription.Notarecording.So,wecan'tknowexactly.However,therepetitionofwhetherisnotgoodinwriting. – Lambie Jun12'19at23:12  |  Show3morecomments YourAnswer ThanksforcontributingananswertoEnglishLanguage&UsageStackExchange!Pleasebesuretoanswerthequestion.Providedetailsandshareyourresearch!Butavoid…Askingforhelp,clarification,orrespondingtootheranswers.Makingstatementsbasedonopinion;backthemupwithreferencesorpersonalexperience.Tolearnmore,seeourtipsonwritinggreatanswers. Draftsaved Draftdiscarded Signuporlogin SignupusingGoogle SignupusingFacebook SignupusingEmailandPassword Submit Postasaguest Name Email Required,butnevershown PostYourAnswer Discard Byclicking“PostYourAnswer”,youagreetoourtermsofservice,privacypolicyandcookiepolicy Nottheansweryou'relookingfor?Browseotherquestionstaggedwhetheroraskyourownquestion. FeaturedonMeta Congratulationstothe59sitesthatjustleftBeta ProvidingaJavaScriptAPIforuserscripts NewresponsiveActivitypage Related 3 Using"Whether"or"Whetherornot" 0 Isthis"whether"clausemodifyingaverb?[Whether(ornot)issue] 0 IndirectSpeech/whether-if 0 Usingconsecutive"whether"clauses 3 Using"aboutwhether"inasentence HotNetworkQuestions AlternativenotionofkineticenergyinNewtonianandLagrangianmechanics? Bestmethodtoconvertgammaradiationtoelectricaloranyotherformorenergy Doallobservationsarisefromprobabilitydistributions? Makingthenumber12345...n Sixywordoftheday HowmuchdoesthenameofthePhDdegreematter? HowforgivingisGod? HowareRussiansabletousefederationflagwiththeWADAban? Howcomethenumberofwanderingelectronsissameasthenumberofthepositiveions? DidPaulteachworks-basedsalvationin1Corinthians9:24-27? PathtoeachLeafofaBinaryTree Usingafriendtomovecashintomycheckingaccount Pseudorandomvs.TrueRandom Isitacceptabletoomit"about"inthissentence?"Iloveeverything(about)math." CanaPyromancerSorcererdealfiredamagetoacreatureundertheeffectofInvulnerability? CorrectNumberingforScaleDegrees Unexpectedresultcomparingstringswith`==` CantheGloomStalkerRanger'sStalker'sFlurryfeaturebeusedwiththeAttackactionfromtheHastespell? Vectorlayerwith"GEOM_POSSIBLE_NAMES"notworkingwhensourceas*file* NaughtsandCrosses IstheeffectivenessofPfizerandModernavaccinesagainstOmicronnegativeafterthreemonths? VaccinationcardinWA,U.S.forapersonfullyvaccinatedabroad "Slyfranticwretch,thatholp'sttomakemegreat"whatisthemeaningof"holp'st"? 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