Polymers | An Open Access Journal from MDPI

The feasibility of strengthening deteriorated or under-capacity concrete structures with external carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates has been ... Journals Topics Information ForAuthors ForReviewers ForEditors ForLibrarians ForPublishers ForSocieties ForConferenceOrganizers OpenAccessPolicy InstitutionalOpenAccessProgram SpecialIssuesGuidelines EditorialProcess ResearchandPublicationEthics ArticleProcessingCharges Awards AuthorServices Initiatives Sciforum MDPIBooks Preprints Scilit SciProfiles Encyclopedia JAMS ProceedingsSeries About Overview Contact Careers SignIn/SignUp Notice Youcanmakesubmissionstootherjournals here. clear Notice Youareaccessingamachine-readablepage.Inordertobehuman-readable,pleaseinstallanRSSreader. 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OpenAccess—freeforreaders,witharticleprocessingcharges(APC)paidbyauthorsortheirinstitutions. HighVisibility:indexed withinScopus,SCIE(WebofScience), EiCompendex, PubMed,PMC,FSTA, CAPlus/SciFinder,Inspec,andotherdatabases. JournalRank: JCR -Q1(PolymerScience)/ CiteScore -Q1(PolymersandPlastics) RapidPublication:manuscriptsarepeer-reviewedandafirst decisionprovidedtoauthorsapproximately13daysaftersubmission;acceptance topublicationisundertakenin3.3days(medianvaluesforpaperspublishedin thisjournalinthefirsthalfof2022). RecognitionofReviewers:reviewerswhoprovidetimely,thoroughpeer-reviewreportsreceivevouchersentitlingthemtoadiscountontheAPCoftheirnextpublicationinMDPIjournals,inappreciationofthework. Companionjournalsfor Polymersinclude: PolysaccharidesandMacromol. Testimonials: Seewhatourauthorsandeditorssayabout Polymers. ImpactFactor: 4.967(2021) ; 5-YearImpactFactor: 5.063(2021) subject ImprintInformation    get_app JournalFlyer    OpenAccess    ISSN:2073-4360 LatestArticles get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle FabricationofLow-Molecular-WeightHyaluronicAcid–CarboxymethylCelluloseHybridtoPromoteBoneGrowthinGuidedBoneRegenerationSurgery:AnAnimalStudy by Chun-YuLin,Po-JanKuo,Ya-HuiLin,Chi-YuLin,JerryChin-YiLin,Hsien-ChungChiu,Tsung-FuHung,Hung-YunLinandHaw-MingHuang Polymers2022,14(15),3211;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153211(registering DOI)-06Aug2022 Abstract Guidedboneregenerationsurgeryisanimportantdentaloperationusedtoregenerateenoughbonetosuccessfullyhealdentalimplants.Whenthistechniqueisperformedonmaxillasinuses,hyaluronicacid(HLA)canbeusedasanauxiliarymaterialtoimprovethegraftmaterialhandling [...]Readmore. Guidedboneregenerationsurgeryisanimportantdentaloperationusedtoregenerateenoughbonetosuccessfullyhealdentalimplants.Whenthistechniqueisperformedonmaxillasinuses,hyaluronicacid(HLA)canbeusedasanauxiliarymaterialtoimprovethegraftmaterialhandlingproperties.Recentstudieshaveindicatedthatlow-molecularhyaluronicacid(L-HLA)providesabetterregenerationabilitythanhigh-molecular-weight(H-HLA)analogues.TheaimofthisstudywastofabricateanL-HLA-carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)hybridtopromoteboneregenerationwhilemaintainingviscosity.TheproliferationeffectoffabricatedL-HLAwastestedusingdentalpulpstemcells(DPSCs).Themitogen-activatedproteinkinase(MAPK)pathwaywasexaminedusingcellsculturedwithL-HLAcombinedwithextracellular-signal-regulatedkinase(ERK),c-JunN-terminalkinase(JNK),andp38inhibitors.ThebonegrowthpromotionoffabricatedL-HLA/CMChybridswastestedusingananimalmodel.Micro-computertomography(Micro-CT)andhistologicalimageswereevaluatedquantitativelytocomparethedifferencesintheosteogenesisbetweentheH-HLAandL-HLA.OurresultsshowthatthefabricatedL-HLAcanbindtoCD44ontheDPSCcellmembranesandaffectMAPKpathways,resultinginapromptproliferationrateincrease.MicroCTimagesshowthatnewboneformationinrabbitcalvariadefectstreatedwithL-HLA/CMCwasalmosttwotimeshigherthanindefectsfilledwithH-HLA/CMC(p<0.05)at4weeks,atrendthatremainedat8weeksandwasconfirmedbyHE-stainedimages.Accordingtothesefindings,itisreasonabletoconcludethatL-HLAprovidesbetterbonehealingthanH-HLA,andthattheL-HLA/CMCfabricatedinthisstudyisapotentialcandidateforimprovingbonehealingefficiencywhenaguidedboneregenerationsurgerywasperformed. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMedicalApplicationofPolymer-BasedCompositesIII) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle InfluenceofBiofillersonthePropertiesofRegrindCrystallinePoly(ethyleneterephthalate)(CPET) by VictorS.Cecon,GregW.CurtzwilerandKeithL.Vorst Polymers2022,14(15),3210;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153210(registering DOI)-06Aug2022 Abstract Asthedemandforplasticsonlyincreases,newmethodsarerequiredtoeconomicallyandsustainablyincreaseplasticusagewithoutlandfillandenvironmentalaccumulation.Inaddition,theuseofbiofillersisencouragedasawaytoreducethecostofthefinalresinby [...]Readmore. Asthedemandforplasticsonlyincreases,newmethodsarerequiredtoeconomicallyandsustainablyincreaseplasticusagewithoutlandfillandenvironmentalaccumulation.Inaddition,theuseofbiofillersisencouragedasawaytoreducethecostofthefinalresinbyincorporatingagriculturalandindustrialwasteby-products,suchasricehullsandcoffeechafftofurtherreducewastebeingsenttolandfills.Crystallinepoly(ethyleneterephthalate)(CPET)isaresincommonlyusedformicrowaveandovenablefoodpackagingcontainersthathavenotbeenfullyexploredforrecycling.Inthisarticle,weinvestigatehowtheincorporationofbiofillersat5%wt.and10%wt.impactscriticalpolymerproperties.Thethermalandmechanicalpropertieswerenotsignificantlyalteredwiththepresenceofricehullsorcoffeechaffinthepolymermatrixat5%wt.loading,butsomereductioninmelttemperature,thermalstability,andmaximumstressandstrainwasmorenoticedat10%wt.Thecomplexviscositywasalsoreducedwiththeintroductionofbiofillers.Thelevelsofheavymetalsofconcern,suchasCd,Cr,andPb,werebelowtheregulatorylimitsapplicableintheUnitedStatesandEurope.AdditionalstudiesaresuggestedtoimprovetheperformanceofCPET/biofillerblendsbypre-treatingthebiofillerandusingcompatibilizers. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueRecycledPolymers:Eco-Design,Structure/PropertyRelationshipsandCompatibility) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle OilPalmEmptyFruitBunchesasRawMaterialofDissolvingPulpforViscoseRayonFiberinMakingTextileProducts by SitiNikmatin,IrmansyahIrmansyah,BambangHermawan,TeddyKardiansyah,FrederikusTunjungSeta,IrmaNurAfiahandRofiqulUmam Polymers2022,14(15),3208;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153208(registering DOI)-06Aug2022 Abstract Thecreativefashionindustryproducesseveraltextileproductsthatplayanimportantroleinthenationaleconomy.Invariouscountries,thisindustryhascontinuedtogrowalongwiththestrongflowofinformationtechnologyande-commerce.Thedevelopmentoftextileproductsforfashion [...]Readmore. Thecreativefashionindustryproducesseveraltextileproductsthatplayanimportantroleinthenationaleconomy.Invariouscountries,thisindustryhascontinuedtogrowalongwiththestrongflowofinformationtechnologyande-commerce.Thedevelopmentoftextileproductsforfashionisverydynamicandcompetitive.Competitionisnotonlyaboutprice,butalsothequalityoforganic/syntheticmaterials,thecomfortprovided,anddesignsthatchangeevery4–6months.Recently,creativefashionnotonlyreliesonnaturalandsyntheticpolymer-madefibersbutalsobiomass-basedwastematerials.Therefore,thisstudyaimstomanufacturetextileproductsfrombiomass-basedwastematerialsthatcanbeappliedtothecreativefashionindustry.Twotypesofrawmaterialsfromoilpalmemptyfruitbunches(EFB),namely,whole-emptyfruitbunches(WEFB)andstalk-emptyfruitbunches(SEFB),areusedasanexcellentinnovationofrayonviscosefiber(RVF),anoncottonorganicyarncapableofprovidingasolutiontothe99%importofglobalcottonneeds.Thisisexpectedtoincreasecompetitiveness,aswellastheaddedvalueofpalmoilproductsandtheirderivatives.TheprocessofmanufacturingDPchemicallyincludesprehydrolysis,cooking,bleachingtodissolvetheligninandnoncellulosicmaterialsaswellasisolationtopurifyPOEFBfiber.Furthermore,DPtestingiscarriedouttodetermineproductqualityandcompareitwiththenationalproductstandards.Theresultsshowthatthealpha-cellulosecontentreaches>94%withvariationsintheactivealkaliof18%,20%and24%.ThisimpliesthattheWEFBandSEFBareusedtofulfillthefirstrequirementsofthenationalstandard(SNI938:2017).TheWEFBwithanactivealkalivariationof24%meetstheSNIstandardforrayonpulpwithavalueofS10=3.07andS18=7.14%,whileallvariationsofSEFBshowoppositeresults.Theuseofactivealkaliat24%hadabrightercolorthanbetween18%and20%.Additionally,thefiberdensityofWEFBappearstobehigherthanthatofSEFB.TheseresultscorrelatepositivelywithDPpreparedusing24%alkaliastheoptimumtreatmentforallproducts,aswellasthemorphologicalobservationsperformedwithscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),whichshowsthatWEFBfixatedfiberhadalargerdiameterthanSEFB. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionPolymerFibers) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage OpenAccessArticle DurabilityandLong-TermPerformancePredictionofCarbonFiberReinforcedPolymerLaminates by EyadAlsuhaibani,NurYazdaniandEyosiasBeneberu Polymers2022,14(15),3207;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153207(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Thefeasibilityofstrengtheningdeterioratedorunder-capacityconcretestructureswithexternalcarbon-fiber-reinforcedpolymer(CFRP)laminateshasbeenwidelyvalidatedintheliterature.However,thereisalackofknowledgeontheinsitulong-termperformanceandage-relatedenvironmentaldegradationofthemechanicalproperties [...]Readmore. Thefeasibilityofstrengtheningdeterioratedorunder-capacityconcretestructureswithexternalcarbon-fiber-reinforcedpolymer(CFRP)laminateshasbeenwidelyvalidatedintheliterature.However,thereisalackofknowledgeontheinsitulong-termperformanceandage-relatedenvironmentaldegradationofthemechanicalpropertiesofthelaminates.ThecurrentstudyinvolvedtheimmersionofcouponsfromacommonnewCFRPlaminateinheatedwaterat23,45,and60°Cfor224days.Thecouponswerethentestedforresidualtensileproperties,suchastensilecapacityandelasticmodulus,usingASTMD3039(2017)specifications.TheCFRPtensilecapacityandelasticmodulusdecreasedbyamaximumof33%and26%,respectively,for224daysofexposure.Basedonthetestdata,anage-basedlong-termpredictionmodelwithexcellentreliabilityforCFRPlaminatetensilecapacitywasdeveloped.ThemodelwasthencalibratedwithtestresultsfromoldCFRPcouponscollectedfromanexistingCFRPlaminateretrofittedconcretebridge.ThecalibratedmodeloutputwasthencomparedwiththeenvironmentalreductionfactorfromACI440.2R-17andafewothercommonsources.ItwasfoundthattheACIspecifiedareductionfactorof0.75,whichdoesnotconsidertheCFRPageandoverestimatesthedesigntensilestrengthoftheCFRPlaminatebyapproximately13%,whichmaycompromisethestructuralsafetyofretrofittedbridges.Thereductionfactorsfromtheotherguidelinesvariedbetween0.51and0.85. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionPolymerCompositesandNanocomposites) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage OpenAccessReview AReviewontheModificationofCelluloseandItsApplications by TariqAziz,ArshadFarid,FazalHaq,MehwishKiran,AsmatUllah,KechunZhang,ChengLi,ShakiraGhazanfar,HongyueSun,RohUllah,AmjadAli,MuhammadMuzammal,MuddaserShah,NosheenAkhtar,SamySelim,NashwaHagagy,MennatallaSamyandSoadK.AlJaouni Polymers2022,14(15),3206;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153206(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Thelatestadvancementsincelluloseanditsderivativesarethesubjectofthisstudy.Wesummarizethecharacteristics,modifications,applications,andpropertiesofcellulose.Here,wediscussnewbreakthroughsinmodifiedcellulosethatallowforenhancedcontrol.Inadditiontostandardapproaches,improvements [...]Readmore. Thelatestadvancementsincelluloseanditsderivativesarethesubjectofthisstudy.Wesummarizethecharacteristics,modifications,applications,andpropertiesofcellulose.Here,wediscussnewbreakthroughsinmodifiedcellulosethatallowforenhancedcontrol.Inadditiontostandardapproaches,improvementsindifferenttechniquesemployedforcelluloseanditsderivativesarethesubjectofthisreview.Thevariousstrategiesforsyntheticpolymersarealsodiscussed.Therecentadvancementsinpolymerproductionallowformoreprecisecontrol,andmakeitpossibletomakefunctionalcelluloseswithbetterphysicalqualities.Forsustainabilityandenvironmentalpreservation,thedevelopmentofcellulosegreenprocessingisthemostabundantrenewablesubstanceinnature.Thediscoveryofcellulosedisintegrationopensupnewpossibilitiesforsustainabletechniques.Basedonthereviewofrecentscientificliterature,webelievethatadditionalchemicalunitsofcellulosesolubilityshouldbeused.Thisevaluationwillevaluatethesustainabilityofbiomassandprocessingthegreennessforthelongterm.Itappearsnotonlycrucialtodissolution,butalsotothegreennessofanyprocess. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueBiomassConversionandGreenChemistryinPolymerScience) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage OpenAccessArticle InVitroEvaluationofKaempferol-LoadedHydrogelaspH-SensitiveDrugDeliverySystems by QinZhang,XinyingYang,YifangWu,ChangLiu,HongmeiXia,XiaomanCheng,YongfengCheng,YingXiaandYuWang Polymers2022,14(15),3205;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153205(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Thepurposeofthisstudywastoprepareandevaluatekaempferol-loadedcarbopolpolymer(acrylicacid)hydrogel,investigateitsantioxidantactivityinvitro,andcomparetheeffectsondrugreleaseunderdifferentpHconditions.DrugreleasestudieswereconductedinthreedifferentpHmedia [...]Readmore. Thepurposeofthisstudywastoprepareandevaluatekaempferol-loadedcarbopolpolymer(acrylicacid)hydrogel,investigateitsantioxidantactivityinvitro,andcomparetheeffectsondrugreleaseunderdifferentpHconditions.DrugreleasestudieswereconductedinthreedifferentpHmedia(pH3.4,5.4,and7.4).Thekaempferol-loadedhydrogelwaspreparedbyusingcarbopol934asthehydrogelmatrix.Themorphologyandviscosityofthepreparationweretestedtounderstandthefluidityofthehydrogel.Theantioxidantactivityofthepreparationwasstudiedbyscavenginghydrogenperoxideand2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil(DPPH)radicalsinvitroandinhibitingtheproductionofmalondialdehydeinmousetissues.Theresultsshowedthatkaempferolanditspreparationshadhighantioxidantactivity.InvitroreleasestudiesshowedthatthedrugreleaseatpH3.4,5.4,and7.4was27.32±3.49%,70.89±8.91%,and87.9±10.13%,respectively.Kaempferol-loadedcarbopolhydrogeldisplayedgreaterswellinganddrugreleaseathigherpHvalues(pH7.4). Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinSmartPolymersandMaterials) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage OpenAccessArticle PrintingPolymericConvexLensestoBoosttheSensitivityofaGraphene-BasedUVSensor by JonghyunKim,DongwoonShinandJiyoungChang Polymers2022,14(15),3204;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153204(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Ultraviolet(UV)iswidelyusedindailylifeaswellasinindustrialmanufacturing.Inthisstudy,asingle-steppostprocesstoimprovethesensitivityofagraphene-basedUVsensorisstudied.Weleveragetheadvantageofelectric-field-assistedon-demandprinting,whichissimplyapplicable [...]Readmore. Ultraviolet(UV)iswidelyusedindailylifeaswellasinindustrialmanufacturing.Inthisstudy,asingle-steppostprocesstoimprovethesensitivityofagraphene-basedUVsensorisstudied.Weleveragetheadvantageofelectric-field-assistedon-demandprinting,whichissimplyapplicableformountingfunctionalpolymersontovariousstructures.Here,thefacileprintingprocesscreatesopticalplano-convexgeometrybyacceleratingandcollidingahighlyviscousdropletonamicropatternedgraphenechannel.TheprintedtransparentlensrefractsUVrays.TheconcentratedUVphotonenergyfromawidefieldofviewenhancesthephotodesorptionofelectron-holepairsbetweenthelensandthegraphenesensorchannel,whichiscoupledwithalargechangeinresistance.Asaresult,theone-steppost-treatmenthasabouta4xhighersensitivitycomparedtobaresensorswithoutthelenses.Weverifytheapplicabilityofprintingandtheboostingmechanismbyvariationoflensdimensions,aseriesofUVexposuretests,andopticalsimulation.Moreover,themethodcontributestoUVsensinginacuteangleorlowirradiation.Inaddition,thecatalyticlensprovidesabouta9xhigherrecoveryrate,wherewatermoleculesinsidethePEIlensdeliverfastreassemblyoftheelectron-holepairs.Thepresentedmethodwithanultimatelysimplefabricationstepisexpectedtobeappliedtoacademicresearchandprototyping,includingoptoelectronicsensors,energydevices,andadvancedmanufacturingprocesses. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssuePolymer-BasedMaterialsforSensors) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage OpenAccessArticle Two-DimensionalSimulationoftheFreezingCharacteristicsinPEMFCsduringColdStartConsideringIceCrystallizationKinetics by PanxingJiang,ZhigangZhan,DiZhang,ChenlongWang,HengZhangandMuPan Polymers2022,14(15),3203;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153203(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Coldstartisoneofthemajorissuesthathindersthecommercializationofpolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcells(PEMFCs).Inthisstudy,a2Dtransientmulti-physicsmodelisdevelopedtosimulatethecoldstartprocessesinaPEMFC.Thephasechangebetweenwater [...]Readmore. Coldstartisoneofthemajorissuesthathindersthecommercializationofpolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcells(PEMFCs).Inthisstudy,a2Dtransientmulti-physicsmodelisdevelopedtosimulatethecoldstartprocessesinaPEMFC.Thephasechangebetweenwatervapor,liquidwater,andiceinthecatalystlayers(CLs),microporouslayer(MPLs),andgasdiffusionlayers(GDLs)isalsoinvestigated,particularlytheeffectoficecrystallizationkineticswhensupercooledliquidwaterchangesintoice.Thefactorsaffectingthedifferentoperatingconditionsandstructuralfeaturesofthemembraneelectrodeassembly(MEA)areinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatwhenthestarttemperatureis−20°Corhigher,iceformationisdelayedandtheformationrateisdecreased,andsupercooledliquidwaterpermeatesfromtheCLintotheMPL.ForanMEAwithrelativelyhighhydrophobicity,thewaterpermeationrateishigh.TheseresultscanenableaPEMFCtostartatsubzerotemperatures.Theeffectoficecrystallizationkineticsisnegligiblewhenthefuelcellisstartedat−30°Corbelow. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvanceinNewEnergyMaterialsandDevices) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage OpenAccessArticle TheStudyofManufacturingThermalInsulationMaterialsBasedonInorganicPolymersunderMicrowaveExposure by TatyanaRymar,HalynaTatarchenko,OleksijFomin,VáclavPíštěk,PavelKučera,MartinBeranandOleksijBurlutskyy Polymers2022,14(15),3202;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153202(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Theworkisdevotedtothecreationofanenergy-savingmicrowavetechnologyofcompositematerialsforthermalinsulationbasedonaninorganicpolymer—liquidglass—andtheestablishmentoftheformationpatternsoftheirstructureandproperties,dependingontheparametersofmicrowaveradiation.Due [...]Readmore. Theworkisdevotedtothecreationofanenergy-savingmicrowavetechnologyofcompositematerialsforthermalinsulationbasedonaninorganicpolymer—liquidglass—andtheestablishmentoftheformationpatternsoftheirstructureandproperties,dependingontheparametersofmicrowaveradiation.Duetovolumetricheatingandthemechanismof"non-thermal"actionofmicrowaveradiationonprocessedobjects,thedurationoftheirheatingissignificantlyreduced,andtheperformancepropertiesofproductsareimprovedduetothemodificationofthestructureoftheliquidglassmatrixundertheinfluenceofitsirradiationwiththistypeofenergy.Inthecourseoftheresearch,therelationshipbetweentheprocessingconditionsandtheobtainedpropertiesofheat-insulatingmaterialswasestablished.Theprospectsofusingthemicrowaveelectromagneticfieldintheproductionofnewbuildingmaterials,expandingtheirrange,andimprovingqualityandcompetitivenessareshown,whichisapriorityforthemodernizationandinnovativedevelopmentoftheconstructionindustry. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionPolymerApplications) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage OpenAccessReview SpectroelectrochemistryofElectroactivePolymerCompositeMaterials by OxanaL.GribkovaandAlexanderA.Nekrasov Polymers2022,14(15),3201;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153201(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Inthisreview,wehavesummarizedthemainadvantagesofthemethodofspectroelectrochemistryasappliedtorecentstudiesonelectrosynthesisandredoxprocessesofelectroactivepolymercompositematerials,whichhavefoundwideapplicationindesigningorganicoptoelectronicdevices,batteriesandsensors.These [...]Readmore. Inthisreview,wehavesummarizedthemainadvantagesofthemethodofspectroelectrochemistryasappliedtorecentstudiesonelectrosynthesisandredoxprocessesofelectroactivepolymercompositematerials,whichhavefoundwideapplicationindesigningorganicoptoelectronicdevices,batteriesandsensors.Thesepolymercompositesincludeelectroactivepolymercomplexeswithlargeunmovabledopantanionssuchaspolymerelectrolytes,organicdyes,cyclodextrins,poly(β-hydroxyethers),aswellaspolymer-inorganicnanocomposites.Thespectroelectrochemicalmethodsreviewedincludeinsituelectronabsorption,Raman,infraredandelectronspinresonancespectroscopies. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueSpectroelectrochemistryofElectroactivePolymerMaterialsII) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle TheAnalysisofAcuteandSubacuteToxicityofSilverSelenideNanoparticlesEncapsulatedinArabinogalactanPolymerMatrix by EvgeniyA.Titov,LarisaM.Sosedova,MikhailA.Novikov,MarinaV.Zvereva,ViktorS.RukavishnikovandOlegL.Lakhman Polymers2022,14(15),3200;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153200(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Theacuteandsubacutetoxicityofanewlysynthesizedsilverselenidenanoparticlesencapsulatedinanaturalpolymericmatrixofarabinogalactanstudyhasbeenstudied.Thenanocompositeisapromisingmaterialforthedesignofdiagnosticandtherapeuticdrugs.Itcanalsobeused [...]Readmore. Theacuteandsubacutetoxicityofanewlysynthesizedsilverselenidenanoparticlesencapsulatedinanaturalpolymericmatrixofarabinogalactanstudyhasbeenstudied.Thenanocompositeisapromisingmaterialforthedesignofdiagnosticandtherapeuticdrugs.Itcanalsobeusedforthepreparationoffluorescentlabelsandinthermaloncotherapy.Theemploymentofbinarynanocompositesenablesonetounveilthepotentialhiddeninmetalswhichconstitutethesecomposites.Thestudyofacutetoxicity,carriedoutbytheoraladministrationofnanocompositesatadoseof2000mg/kg,hasshownthatthecompoundbelongstolow-toxicsubstancesofthe5thhazardclass.Withthesubacuteoraladministrationofnanocompositesatadoseof500μg/kg,slightchangesareobservedinthebraintissueandliverofexperimentalanimals,indicatingthedevelopmentofcompensatory–adaptivereactions.Inthekidneys,theareaoftheShumlyansky–Bowmanchamberdecreasesby40.5%relativetothecontrolgroup.Itisshownthattheapplicationoftheprotectivepropertiesofselenium,whichiscontainedinthecomposite,helpstoreducethetoxicityofsilver. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueBiomedicalApplicationsofPolymericMaterials) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle CharacterizationandApplicationinPackagingGreaseofGelatin–SodiumAlginateEdibleFilmsCross-LinkedbyPullulan by ShuoLi,MinFan,ShangguiDengandNingpingTao Polymers2022,14(15),3199;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153199(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Gelatin–sodiumalginate-basedediblefilmscross-linkedwithpullulanwerepreparedusingthesolutioncastingmethod.FTIRspectroscopydemonstratedtheexistenceofhydrogenbondinginteractionsbetweenthecomponents,andscanningelectronmicroscopyobservedthecomponentofthefilms,revealingelectrostaticinteractionsandthusexplainingthe [...]Readmore. Gelatin–sodiumalginate-basedediblefilmscross-linkedwithpullulanwerepreparedusingthesolutioncastingmethod.FTIRspectroscopydemonstratedtheexistenceofhydrogenbondinginteractionsbetweenthecomponents,andscanningelectronmicroscopyobservedthecomponentofthefilms,revealingelectrostaticinteractionsandthusexplainingthedifferencesinthepropertiesoftheblendfilms.Thebestmechanicalpropertiesandoxygenbarrieroccurredata1:1percentageofpullulantogelatin(GP11)withsodiumalginatedosingformodification.Furthermore,GP11demonstratedthebestthermodynamicpropertiesbyDSCanalysis,thehighestUVbarrier(94.13%)andthebestoxidationresistanceinDPPHtests.TheresultsofstorageexperimentsusingmodifiedediblefilmsencapsulatedinfreshfishliveroilshowedthatGP11retardedgreaseoxidationbyinhibitingtheriseinperoxideandanisidinevalues,whileinappropriateamountsofpullulanhadapro-oxidativeeffectongrease.Thecorrelationbetweenoiloxidationandmaterialpropertieswasinvestigated,andwatersolubilityandapparentcolorcharacteristicswerealsoassessed. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueBio-BasedPolymericFilms) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessReview MolecularTargetsforAntibody-BasedAnti-BiofilmTherapyinInfectiveEndocarditis by JiaheHanandAlessandroPoma Polymers2022,14(15),3198;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153198(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Infectiveendocarditis(IE)isaheartdiseasecausedbytheinfectionofheartvalves,majorlycausedbyStaphilococcusaureus.IEisinitiatedbybacteriaenteringthebloodcirculationinfavouringconditions(e.g.,duringinvasiveprocedures).Sofar,theconventionalantimicrobialstrategiesbased [...]Readmore. Infectiveendocarditis(IE)isaheartdiseasecausedbytheinfectionofheartvalves,majorlycausedbyStaphilococcusaureus.IEisinitiatedbybacteriaenteringthebloodcirculationinfavouringconditions(e.g.,duringinvasiveprocedures).Sofar,theconventionalantimicrobialstrategiesbasedontheusageofantibioticsremainthemajorinterventionfortreatingIE.Nevertheless,thetherapeuticefficacyofantibioticsinIEislimitednotonlybythebacterialdrugresistance,butalsobytheformationofbiofilms,whichresistthepenetrationofantibioticsintobacterialcells.Toovercomethesedrawbacks,thedevelopmentofanti-biofilmtreatmentsthatcanexposebacteriaandmakethemmoresusceptibletotheactionofantibiotics,thereforeresultinginreducedantimicrobialresistance,isurgentlyrequired.Aseriesofanti-biofilmstrategieshavebeendeveloped,andthisreviewwillfocusinparticularonthedevelopmentofanti-biofilmantibodies.Basedontheresultspreviouslyreportedintheliterature,severalpotentialanti-biofilmtargetsarediscussed,suchasbacterialadhesins,biofilmmatrixandbacterialtoxins,coveringtheirantigenicproperties(withtheidentificationofpotentialpromisingepitopes),functionalmechanisms,aswellastheantibodiesalreadydevelopedagainstthesetargetsand,wherefeasible,theirclinicaltranslation. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssuePolymericMaterialsforDrugDelivery) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,691KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle RecycledHDPE/NaturalFiberCompositesModifiedwithWasteTireRubber:AComparisonbetweenInjectionandCompressionMolding by AliFazli,TatjanaStevanovicandDenisRodrigue Polymers2022,14(15),3197;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153197(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Withtheobjectiveofturningwastesintoadded-valuematerials,sustainableandfullyrecycledwood-plasticcompositeswerereinforcedbywastetirerubberparticlestoshowbalancedpropertiesandpotentiallylow-costmaterials.Recycledhighdensitypolyethylene(rHDPE)wascompounded(meltextrusion)withflaxfiber(FF) [...]Readmore. Withtheobjectiveofturningwastesintoadded-valuematerials,sustainableandfullyrecycledwood-plasticcompositeswerereinforcedbywastetirerubberparticlestoshowbalancedpropertiesandpotentiallylow-costmaterials.Recycledhighdensitypolyethylene(rHDPE)wascompounded(meltextrusion)withflaxfiber(FF)andwasteregeneratedtirerubber(RR)toinvestigatetheeffectofmixingratio,couplingagent(maleatedpolyethylene,MAPE)andmoldingprocess(injectionandcompressionmolding)onthepropertiesofhybridcomposites.Inparticular,acompletesetofcharacterizationwasperformedincludingthermalstability,phasemorphologyandmechanicalpropertiesintermsoftension,flexionandimpact,aswellashardnessanddensity.Adding40wt.%offlaxfibers(FF)increasedthetensile(17%)andflexural(15%)modulusofrHDPE,whiletheimpactstrengthdecreasedby58%.SubstitutionofFFbywasterubberparticlesimprovedby75%theimpactstrengthduetotheelasticityandenergyabsorptionoftherubberphase.TheeffectsofimpactmodificationweremorepronouncedforrHDPE/(FF/RR)compatibilizedwithMAPE(10wt.%)duetohighlyimprovedinterfacialadhesionandcompatibility.Theresultsalsosuggestthat,forafixedhybridcomposition(FF/RR,25/55wt.%),theinjectionmoldedcompositeshaveamorehomogenousmorphologywithauniformdistributionofwellembeddedreinforcementsinthematrix.Thisbettermorphologyproducedhighertensilestrainatbreak(12%)andimpactstrength(9%)comparedtocompressionmoldedsamples. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueEffectofFillersinPolymerBlends) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle MultifunctionWeb-likePolymericNetworkBacterialCelluloseDerivedfromSCOBYasBothElectrodesandElectrolytesforPliableandLow-CostSupercapacitor by MuhamadHafizHamsan,NorhanaAbdulHalim,SitiZulaikhaNgahDemon,NurulSyahirahNasuhaSa’aya,MohdFakhrulZamaniKadir,ZulHazrinZainalAbidin,NursaadahAhmadPoad,NurulFarhanaAbuKasim,NurAmiraMohdRazali,ShujahadeenB.Aziz,KhairolAmaliAhmad,AziziMiskonandNorazmanMohamadNor Polymers2022,14(15),3196;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153196(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Inthiswork,bacterialcellulose(BC)-basedpolymerderivedfromasymbioticcultureofbacteriaandyeast(SCOBY)areoptimizedasbothelectrodesandelectrolytestofabricateaflexibleandfree-standingsupercapacitor.BCisamultifunctionandversatilepolymer.Montmorillonite(MMT)andsodiumbromide [...]Readmore. Inthiswork,bacterialcellulose(BC)-basedpolymerderivedfromasymbioticcultureofbacteriaandyeast(SCOBY)areoptimizedasbothelectrodesandelectrolytestofabricateaflexibleandfree-standingsupercapacitor.BCisamultifunctionandversatilepolymer.Montmorillonite(MMT)andsodiumbromide(NaBr)areusedtoimprovemechanicalstrengthandastheionicsource,respectively.FromXRDanalysis,itisfoundthattheadditionofMMTandNaBrhasreducedthecrystallinityoftheelectrolyte.MostinteractionwithintheelectrolytehappensintheregionoftheOHband,asverifiedusingFTIRanalysis.Amaximumroomtemperatureconductivityof(1.09±0.02)×10−3S/cmisachievedwith30wt.%NaBr.ThehighestconductingSCOBY-basedelectrolyteshaveadecomposevoltageandionictransferencenumberof1.48Vand0.97,respectively.ThemultiwalledcarbonnanotubeisemployedastheactivematerialheldbythefibrousnetworkofBC.CyclicvoltammetryshowsarectangularshapeCVplotwiththeabsenceofaredoxpeak.Thesupercapacitorischargedanddischargedinazig-zag-shapedPerspexplatefor1000cycleswithadecentperformance. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinBio-BasedPolymericMaterials) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessCorrection Correction:Chalivendraetal.EffectofShearAngleandPrintingOrientationonShearConstitutiveResponseofAdditivelyManufacturedAcrylonitrileButadieneStyrene.Polymers2022,14,2484 by JoshuaLetizia,VijayaChalivendraandDapengLi Polymers2022,14(15),3195;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153195(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Intheoriginalpublication[...] Fullarticle ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle ASustainableApproachtoaCleanerProductionofAntimicrobialandBiocompatibleProteinFibers by AngelaDanila,MarianaCostea,LenutaProfire,CristinaMihaelaRimbu,MihaelaBaican,FlorentinaLupascu,Simona-MariaTatarusanu,Bianca-StefaniaProfireandEmil-IoanMuresan Polymers2022,14(15),3194;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153194(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Thisstudypresentstheproduction,characterization,andapplicationofcelandine(ChelidoniummajusL.)extracts(aqueous,acidic,alcoholic,andultrasound)onwoolfibersandtheircharacterization.Thestudyaimstoobtainanecologicallydyedwoolsupportthatpossessesbiocompatibleandantimicrobialactivities.The [...]Readmore. Thisstudypresentstheproduction,characterization,andapplicationofcelandine(ChelidoniummajusL.)extracts(aqueous,acidic,alcoholic,andultrasound)onwoolfibersandtheircharacterization.Thestudyaimstoobtainanecologicallydyedwoolsupportthatpossessesbiocompatibleandantimicrobialactivities.TheplantextractswerecharacterizedbasedonpH,totalpolyphenolcontent,andberberinecontent.Ecologicallydyedwoolsupportswerecharacterizedbasedonscanningelectronmicroscopy,levelnessindex,colormeasurements,contactangleindirectbiocompatibility,andantibacterialanalysis.Accordingtotheobtainedresults,celandineextractcanbeconsideredapotentialcandidateforthesustainabledyeingandfunctionalizationofwoolfibers. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinSustainablePolymers:Processing,Modeling,PropertiesandApplications) ►▼ ShowFigures Figure1 attachment Supplementarymaterial: SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,2332KiB) get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessArticle L-Arginine-DerivedPolyamidoamineOligomersBearingatBothEndsβ-CyclodextrinUnitsaspH-SensitiveCurcuminCarriers by SofiaTreccani,JennyAlongi,AmedeaManfredi,PaoloFerruti,RobertaCavalli,GiuseppinaRaffainiandElisabettaRanucci Polymers2022,14(15),3193;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153193(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Theaza-MichaelpolyadditionofL-arginineandN,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamidegivesthebiocompatibleandeasilycell-internalizedpolyamidoamineARGO7.Bycontrolledsynthesis,twoARGO7oligomers,namelyatrimerandapentamer,bearingacrylamideterminalunits,wereobtainedasprecursorsoftheβ-cyclodextrin-end-terminatedoligomersP3 [...]Readmore. Theaza-MichaelpolyadditionofL-arginineandN,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamidegivesthebiocompatibleandeasilycell-internalizedpolyamidoamineARGO7.Bycontrolledsynthesis,twoARGO7oligomers,namelyatrimerandapentamer,bearingacrylamideterminalunits,wereobtainedasprecursorsoftheβ-cyclodextrin-end-terminatedoligomersP3andP5,whichhavebeenshowntoencapsulatecurcuminatbothpH7.4and4.5.Afterlyophilization,P3-andP5-curcumincomplexesgavestablewatersolutions.Theapparentsolubilityofencapsulatedcurcuminwasintherange20–51μgmL−1,thatis,threeordersofmagnitudehigherthanthewatersolubilityoffreecurcumin(0.011μgmL−1).ThedrugreleaseprofilesshowedinductionperiodsbothatpHlevels4.5and7.4,suggestingadiffusivereleasemechanism,asconfirmedbykineticstudies.ThereleaserateofcurcuminwashigheratpH7.4thanatpH4.5and,inbothcases,itwashigherfortheP5complex.Encapsulatedcurcuminwasmorephotostablethanthefreedrug.MolecularmechanicsandmoleculardynamicssimulationsexplainatatomisticleveltheformationofaggregatesduetofavorablevanderWaalsinteractions.Thedrugmoleculesinteractwiththeexternalsurfaceofcarriersorforminclusioncomplexeswiththeβ-cyclodextrincavities.TheaggregatestabilityishigheratpH4.5. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheCollectionPolymersforControlledDrugRelease) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessReview Drug-LoadedChitosanScaffoldsforPeriodontalTissueRegeneration by GamalAbdelNasserAtia,HanyK.Shalaby,MehrukhZehravi,MohamedMohamadyGhobashy,HagerAbdelNasserAttia,ZubairAhmad,FarhatS.Khan,AbhijitDey,NobenduMukerjee,AthanasiosAlexiou,Md.HabiburRahman,JoannaKlepackaandAgnieszkaNajda Polymers2022,14(15),3192;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153192(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Chitosanisanaturalanionicpolysaccharidewithachangeablearchitectureandanabundanceoffunctionalgroups;inaddition,itcanbeconvertedintovariousshapesandsizes,makingitappropriateforavarietyofapplications.Thisarticleexaminedandsummarizedcurrentdevelopmentsin [...]Readmore. Chitosanisanaturalanionicpolysaccharidewithachangeablearchitectureandanabundanceoffunctionalgroups;inaddition,itcanbeconvertedintovariousshapesandsizes,makingitappropriateforavarietyofapplications.Thisarticleexaminedandsummarizedcurrentdevelopmentsinchitosan-basedmaterials,withafocusonthemodificationofchitosan,andpresentedanabundanceofinformationaboutthefabricationanduseofchitosan-derivedproductsinperiodontalregeneration.Numerouspreparationandmodificationtechniquesforenhancingchitosanperformance,aswellastheusesofchitosananditsmetabolites,werereviewedcriticallyanddiscussedindepthinthisstudy.Chitosan-basedproductsmaybeformedintodifferentshapesandsizes,consideringfibers,nanostructures,gels,membranes,andhydrogels.Variousdrug-loadedchitosandeviceswerediscussedregardingperiodontalregeneration. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueBiopolymer-BasedBiomimeticScaffolds) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract get_app subject Viewonlineas: AbstractPage Full-TextHTML OpenAccessReview MinimizingtheGlobalWarmingPotentialwithGeopolymer-BasedInsulationMaterialwithMiscanthusFiber by SteffenWitzleben Polymers2022,14(15),3191;https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153191(registering DOI)-05Aug2022 Abstract Approximately45%ofglobalgreenhousegasemissionsarecausedbytheconstructionanduseofbuildings.Thermalinsulationofbuildingsinthecurrentcontextofclimatechangeisawell-knownstrategytoimprovetheenergyefficiencyofbuildings.Thedevelopmentofrenewableinsulation [...]Readmore. Approximately45%ofglobalgreenhousegasemissionsarecausedbytheconstructionanduseofbuildings.Thermalinsulationofbuildingsinthecurrentcontextofclimatechangeisawell-knownstrategytoimprovetheenergyefficiencyofbuildings.Thedevelopmentofrenewableinsulationmaterialcanovercomethedrawbacksofwidelyusedinsulationsystemsbasedonpolystyreneormineralwool.ThisstudyanalyzesthesustainabilityandthermalconductivityofnewinsulationmaterialsmadeofMiscanthusxgiganteusfibers,foamingagents,andalkali-activatedflyashbinder.Lifecycleassessments(LCA)arenecessarytoperformbenchmarkingofenvironmentalimpactsofnewformulationsofgeopolymer-basedinsulationmaterials.Theglobalwarmingpotential(GWP)oftheproductisprimarilydeterminedbythemainbindercomponentsodiumsilicate.Sodiumsilicate’sCO2emissionsdependonlocalproduction,transportation,andenergyconsumption.Theresults,whichhavebeenpublishedduringrecentyears,varyinawiderangefrom0.3kgto3.3kgCO2-eq.kg−1.TheoverallGWPoftheinsulationsystembasedonMiscanthusfibers,withpropertiesaccordingtocurrentthermalinsulationregulations,reachesupto95%savingsofCO2emissionscomparedtoconventionalsystems.CarbonneutralitycanbeachievedthroughformulationscontainingrawmaterialswithcarbondioxideemissionsandrenewablematerialswithnegativeGWP,thusbalancingCO2emissions. Fullarticle (ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueDevelopmentinGeopolymers) ►▼ ShowFigures Graphicalabstract MoreArticles... 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